typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    // Parse the string and return the JSON object
    // Handle any parsing errors and throw ParsingError.invalidInput
    // If parsing is successful, return the JSON object
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
JSON parser, returns custom error type in case of failures.

Answer:
```swift
typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    // Parse the string and return the JSON object
    // Handle any parsing errors and throw ParsingError.invalidInput
    // If parsing is successful, return the JSON object
}
```

typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    // Parse the string and return the JSON object
    // Handle any parsing errors and throw a ParsingError
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
JSON parser, returns custom error type in case of failures.

Answer:
```swift
typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    // Parse the string and return the JSON object
    // Handle any parsing errors and throw a ParsingError
}
```

typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    // Parse the string into a JSON object
    // If the parsing fails, throw a ParsingError
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
JSON parser, returns custom error type in case of failures.

Answer:
```swift
typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    // Parse the string into a JSON object
    // If the parsing fails, throw a ParsingError
}
```

typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    // Your code here
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
JSON parser, returns custom error type in case of failures.

Answer:
```swift
typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    // Your code here
}
```

typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    // Parse the string and return the JSON object
    // Handle any parsing errors and throw ParsingError.invalidInput
}

func parseAndValidate(json: JSON) throws {
    // Validate the JSON object and throw ParsingError.internalError if validation fails
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
JSON parser, returns custom error type in case of failures.

Answer:
```swift
typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    // Parse the string and return the JSON object
    // Handle any parsing errors and throw ParsingError.invalidInput
}

func parseAndValidate(json: JSON) throws {
    // Validate the JSON object and throw ParsingError.internalError if validation fails
}
```

typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    // Parse the string and return the JSON object
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
JSON parser, returns custom error type in case of failures.

Answer:
```swift
typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    // Parse the string and return the JSON object
}
```

typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
    let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as! JSON
    return json
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
JSON parser, returns custom error type in case of failures.

Answer:
```swift
typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
    let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as! JSON
    return json
}
```

typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
    let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as! JSON
    return json
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
JSON parser, returns custom error type in case of failures.

Answer:
```swift
typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
    let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as! JSON
    return json
}
```

typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    // Parse the string into a JSON object
    // If the parsing fails, throw a ParsingError
}

func parse(data: Data) throws -> JSON {
    // Parse the data into a JSON object
    // If the parsing fails, throw a ParsingError
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
JSON parser, returns custom error type in case of failures.

Answer:
```swift
typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    // Parse the string into a JSON object
    // If the parsing fails, throw a ParsingError
}

func parse(data: Data) throws -> JSON {
    // Parse the data into a JSON object
    // If the parsing fails, throw a ParsingError
}
```

typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
    do {
        let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as! JSON
        return json
    } catch {
        throw ParsingError.internalError(error)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
JSON parser, returns custom error type in case of failures.

Answer:
```swift
typealias JSON = [String: Any]

enum ParsingError: Error {
    case invalidInput
    case internalError(Error)
}

func parse(string: String) throws -> JSON {
    let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
    do {
        let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as! JSON
        return json
    } catch {
        throw ParsingError.internalError(error)
    }
}
```

indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { " \(name)=\"\$0.value\"" }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributeString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
HTML generator from predefined elements tree.
Output with standart HTML like this "<div><a href="swifteval"></a></div>"

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { " \(name)=\"\$0.value\"" }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributeString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

let root = HTMLNode.element("div", attributes: ["id": "swifteval"])
let text = HTMLNode.text("Hello, World!")
let link = HTMLNode.element("a", attributes: ["href": "https://swift.org"], children: [text])
root.children.append(link)

print(generate(root))
```

indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { " \(name)=\"\$0\"" }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributeString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
HTML generator from predefined elements tree.
Output with standart HTML like this "<div><a href="swifteval"></a></div>"

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { " \(name)=\"\$0\"" }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributeString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

let root = HTMLNode.element("div", attributes: ["class": "root"], children: [
    HTMLNode.element("a", attributes: ["href": "swifteval"]),
])

print(generate(root))
```

indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { " \(name):=\"\$($0.value)\"" }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributeString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
HTML generator from predefined elements tree.
Output with standart HTML like this "<div><a href="swifteval"></a></div>"

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { " \(name):=\"\$($0.value)\"" }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributeString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

let root = HTMLNode.element("div", attributes: ["href": "swifteval"], children: [
    HTMLNode.element("a")
])

print(generate(root))
```

indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { " \(name)=\"\$0.value\"" }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributeString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
HTML generator from predefined elements tree.
Output with standart HTML like this "<div><a href="swifteval"></a></div>"

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { " \(name)=\"\$0.value\"" }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributeString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

let root = HTMLNode.element("div", attributes: ["id": "root"], children: [
    HTMLNode.element("a", attributes: ["href": "swifteval"])
])

print(generate(root))
```

indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { " \(name)=\"\($0.key): \($0.value)\" " }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributeString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
HTML generator from predefined elements tree.
Output with standart HTML like this "<div><a href="swifteval"></a></div>"

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { " \(name)=\"\($0.key): \($0.value)\" " }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributeString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

let root = HTMLNode.element("div", attributes: ["class": "root"], children: [
    HTMLNode.element("a", attributes: ["href": "swifteval"]),
])

print(generate(root))
```

indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        var html = "<\(name)"
        for (key, value) in attributes {
            html += " \(key)=\"\(value)\""
        }
        html += ">"
        for child in children {
            html += generate(child)
        }
        html += "</\(name)>"
        return html
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
HTML generator from predefined elements tree.
Output with standart HTML like this "<div><a href="swifteval"></a></div>"

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        var html = "<\(name)"
        for (key, value) in attributes {
            html += " \(key)=\"\(value)\""
        }
        html += ">"
        for child in children {
            html += generate(child)
        }
        html += "</\(name)>"
        return html
    }
}

let root = HTMLNode.element("div", attributes: ["id": "swifteval"], children: [
    HTMLNode.element("a", attributes: ["href": "swifteval"])
])

print(generate(root))
```

indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { "$0=\($1)" }.joined(separator: " ")
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined(separator: "")
        return "<\(name) \(attributeString)> \(childrenString) </\(name)>"
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
HTML generator from predefined elements tree.
Output with standart HTML like this "<div><a href="swifteval"></a></div>"

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { "$0=\($1)" }.joined(separator: " ")
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined(separator: "")
        return "<\(name) \(attributeString)> \(childrenString) </\(name)>"
    }
}

let root = HTMLNode.element("div", attributes: ["class": "container"], children: [
    HTMLNode.element("a", attributes: ["href": "swifteval"]),
])

print(generate(root))
```

indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { " \(name)=\"\($0.key): \($0.value)\" " }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributeString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
HTML generator from predefined elements tree.
Output with standart HTML like this "<div><a href="swifteval"></a></div>"

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { " \(name)=\"\($0.key): \($0.value)\" " }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributeString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

let root = HTMLNode.element("div", attributes: ["href": "swifteval"])
let html = generate(root)
print(html)
```

indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributesString = attributes.map { " \(name)=\"\($0.key): \($0.value)\" " }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributesString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
HTML generator from predefined elements tree.
Output with standart HTML like this "<div><a href="swifteval"></a></div>"

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributesString = attributes.map { " \(name)=\"\($0.key): \($0.value)\" " }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributesString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

let root = HTMLNode.element("div", attributes: ["class": "root"], children: [
    HTMLNode.element("a", attributes: ["href": "swifteval"])
])

print(generate(root))
```

indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { " \(name)=\"\($0.key): \($0.value)\" " }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributeString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
HTML generator from predefined elements tree.
Output with standart HTML like this "<div><a href="swifteval"></a></div>"

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum HTMLNode {
    case text(_ content: String)
    case element(_ name: String, attributes: [String : String] = [:], children: [Self] = [])
}

func generate(_ tree: HTMLNode) -> String {
    switch tree {
    case let.text(content):
        return content
    case let.element(name, attributes, children):
        let attributeString = attributes.map { " \(name)=\"\($0.key): \($0.value)\" " }.joined()
        let childrenString = children.map { generate($0) }.joined()
        return "<\(name)\(attributeString)>\(childrenString)</\(name)>"
    }
}

let root = HTMLNode.element("div", attributes: ["id": "root"], children: [
    HTMLNode.element("a", attributes: ["href": "swifteval"]),
])

print(generate(root))
```

enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    let tokens = string.tokens(separator: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()
    for token in tokens {
        switch token {
        case "+":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! + top!)
        case "-":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! - top!)
        case "*":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        case "/":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! / top!)
        case "(":
            stack.append(0)
        case ")":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }
    return stack.first!
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Calculator which supports operations from readable string format.
Valid tokens is "+-*/()", example input is "2+2*2".

Answer:
```swift
enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    let tokens = string.tokens(separator: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()
    for token in tokens {
        switch token {
        case "+":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! + top!)
        case "-":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! - top!)
        case "*":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        case "/":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! / top!)
        case "(":
            stack.append(0)
        case ")":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }
    return stack.first!
}
```

enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    let tokens = string.tokens(separator: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()
    for token in tokens {
        switch token {
        case "+":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! + top!)
        case "-":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! - top!)
        case "*":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        case "/":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! / top!)
        case "(":
            stack.append(0)
        case ")":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }
    return stack.first!
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Calculator which supports operations from readable string format.
Valid tokens is "+-*/()", example input is "2+2*2".

Answer:
```swift
enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    let tokens = string.tokens(separator: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()
    for token in tokens {
        switch token {
        case "+":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! + top!)
        case "-":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! - top!)
        case "*":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        case "/":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! / top!)
        case "(":
            stack.append(0)
        case ")":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }
    return stack.first!
}
```

enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    var tokens = string.tokens(separator: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()
    while let token = tokens.popFirst() {
        switch token {
        case let number as Double:
            stack.append(number)
        case let operator as String:
            guard let left = stack.popLast(), let right = stack.popLast() else {
                throw CalculateError.invalidInput
            }
            switch operator {
            case "+":
                stack.append(left + right)
            case "-":
                stack.append(left - right)
            case "*":
                stack.append(left * right)
            case "/":
                stack.append(left / right)
            default:
                throw CalculateError.invalidInput
            }
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }
    guard let result = stack.popLast() else {
        throw CalculateError.invalidInput
    }
    return result
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Calculator which supports operations from readable string format.
Valid tokens is "+-*/()", example input is "2+2*2".

Answer:
```swift
enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    var tokens = string.tokens(separator: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()
    while let token = tokens.popFirst() {
        switch token {
        case let number as Double:
            stack.append(number)
        case let operator as String:
            guard let left = stack.popLast(), let right = stack.popLast() else {
                throw CalculateError.invalidInput
            }
            switch operator {
            case "+":
                stack.append(left + right)
            case "-":
                stack.append(left - right)
            case "*":
                stack.append(left * right)
            case "/":
                stack.append(left / right)
            default:
                throw CalculateError.invalidInput
            }
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }
    guard let result = stack.popLast() else {
        throw CalculateError.invalidInput
    }
    return result
}
```

enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    let tokens = string.tokens(separator: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()
    for token in tokens {
        switch token {
        case "+":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! + top!)
        case "-":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! - top!)
        case "*":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        case "/":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! / top!)
        case "(":
            stack.append(0)
        case ")":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }
    return stack.first!
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Calculator which supports operations from readable string format.
Valid tokens is "+-*/()", example input is "2+2*2".

Answer:
```swift
enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    let tokens = string.tokens(separator: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()
    for token in tokens {
        switch token {
        case "+":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! + top!)
        case "-":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! - top!)
        case "*":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        case "/":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! / top!)
        case "(":
            stack.append(0)
        case ")":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }
    return stack.first!
}
```

enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    var stack = [Double]()
    var currentNumber: Double = 0
    var currentOperator: String = ""

    for token in string.tokens {
        switch token {
        case let number as Double:
            currentNumber = number
        case let operator as String:
            if currentOperator.isEmpty {
                currentOperator = operator
            } else {
                let result = calculate(currentNumber, operator: currentOperator)
                stack.append(result)
                currentNumber = 0
                currentOperator = operator
            }
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }

    if!currentOperator.isEmpty {
        let result = calculate(currentNumber, operator: currentOperator)
        stack.append(result)
    }

    guard let result = stack.first else {
        throw CalculateError.invalidInput
    }

    return result
}

func calculate(_ number: Double, operator: String) -> Double {
    switch operator {
    case "+":
        return number
    case "-":
        return -number
    case "*":
        return number * number
    case "/":
        return number / number
    default:
        return 0
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Calculator which supports operations from readable string format.
Valid tokens is "+-*/()", example input is "2+2*2".

Answer:
```swift
enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    var stack = [Double]()
    var currentNumber: Double = 0
    var currentOperator: String = ""

    for token in string.tokens {
        switch token {
        case let number as Double:
            currentNumber = number
        case let operator as String:
            if currentOperator.isEmpty {
                currentOperator = operator
            } else {
                let result = calculate(currentNumber, operator: currentOperator)
                stack.append(result)
                currentNumber = 0
                currentOperator = operator
            }
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }

    if!currentOperator.isEmpty {
        let result = calculate(currentNumber, operator: currentOperator)
        stack.append(result)
    }

    guard let result = stack.first else {
        throw CalculateError.invalidInput
    }

    return result
}

func calculate(_ number: Double, operator: String) -> Double {
    switch operator {
    case "+":
        return number
    case "-":
        return -number
    case "*":
        return number * number
    case "/":
        return number / number
    default:
        return 0
    }
}
```

enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    let tokens = string.tokens(separator: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()
    for token in tokens {
        switch token {
        case "+":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! + top!)
        case "-":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! - top!)
        case "*":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        case "/":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! / top!)
        case "(":
            stack.append(0)
        case ")":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }
    return stack.first!
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Calculator which supports operations from readable string format.
Valid tokens is "+-*/()", example input is "2+2*2".

Answer:
```swift
enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    let tokens = string.tokens(separator: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()
    for token in tokens {
        switch token {
        case "+":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! + top!)
        case "-":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! - top!)
        case "*":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        case "/":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! / top!)
        case "(":
            stack.append(0)
        case ")":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }
    return stack.first!
}
```

enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    let tokens = string.components(separatedBy: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()
    for token in tokens {
        switch token {
        case "+":
            let right = stack.popLast()?? 0
            let left = stack.popLast()?? 0
            stack.append(left + right)
        case "-":
            let right = stack.popLast()?? 0
            let left = stack.popLast()?? 0
            stack.append(left - right)
        case "*":
            let right = stack.popLast()?? 0
            let left = stack.popLast()?? 0
            stack.append(left * right)
        case "/":
            let right = stack.popLast()?? 0
            let left = stack.popLast()?? 0
            stack.append(left / right)
        case "(":
            stack.append(0)
        case ")":
            let value = stack.popLast()?? 0
            stack.append(value)
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }
    return stack.first?? 0
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Calculator which supports operations from readable string format.
Valid tokens is "+-*/()", example input is "2+2*2".

Answer:
```swift
enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    let tokens = string.components(separatedBy: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()
    for token in tokens {
        switch token {
        case "+":
            let right = stack.popLast()?? 0
            let left = stack.popLast()?? 0
            stack.append(left + right)
        case "-":
            let right = stack.popLast()?? 0
            let left = stack.popLast()?? 0
            stack.append(left - right)
        case "*":
            let right = stack.popLast()?? 0
            let left = stack.popLast()?? 0
            stack.append(left * right)
        case "/":
            let right = stack.popLast()?? 0
            let left = stack.popLast()?? 0
            stack.append(left / right)
        case "(":
            stack.append(0)
        case ")":
            let value = stack.popLast()?? 0
            stack.append(value)
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }
    return stack.first?? 0
}
```

enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    let tokens = string.tokens(separator: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()
    for token in tokens {
        if let value = Double(token) {
            stack.append(value)
        } else {
            switch token {
            case "+":
                let right = stack.popLast()
                let left = stack.popLast()
                stack.append(left! + right!)
            case "-":
                let right = stack.popLast()
                let left = stack.popLast()
                stack.append(left! - right!)
            case "*":
                let right = stack.popLast()
                let left = stack.popLast()
                stack.append(left! * right!)
            case "/":
                let right = stack.popLast()
                let left = stack.popLast()
                stack.append(left! / right!)
            default:
                throw CalculateError.invalidInput
            }
        }
    }
    return stack.first!
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Calculator which supports operations from readable string format.
Valid tokens is "+-*/()", example input is "2+2*2".

Answer:
```swift
enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    let tokens = string.tokens(separator: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()
    for token in tokens {
        if let value = Double(token) {
            stack.append(value)
        } else {
            switch token {
            case "+":
                let right = stack.popLast()
                let left = stack.popLast()
                stack.append(left! + right!)
            case "-":
                let right = stack.popLast()
                let left = stack.popLast()
                stack.append(left! - right!)
            case "*":
                let right = stack.popLast()
                let left = stack.popLast()
                stack.append(left! * right!)
            case "/":
                let right = stack.popLast()
                let left = stack.popLast()
                stack.append(left! / right!)
            default:
                throw CalculateError.invalidInput
            }
        }
    }
    return stack.first!
}
```

enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    var stack = [Double]()
    var currentNumber: Double = 0
    var currentOperator: String = ""

    for token in string.tokens {
        switch token {
        case let number as Double:
            currentNumber = number
        case let operator as String:
            if currentOperator.isEmpty {
                currentOperator = operator
            } else {
                let result = calculate(currentNumber, currentOperator, stack)
                stack.append(result)
                currentNumber = 0
                currentOperator = operator
            }
        case let operator as String:
            if currentOperator.isEmpty {
                currentOperator = operator
            } else {
                let result = calculate(currentNumber, currentOperator, stack)
                stack.append(result)
                currentNumber = 0
                currentOperator = operator
            }
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }

    if!currentOperator.isEmpty {
        let result = calculate(currentNumber, currentOperator, stack)
        stack.append(result)
    }

    return stack.first?? 0
}

func calculate(_ number: Double, _ operator: String, _ stack: inout [Double]) -> Double {
    switch operator {
    case "+":
        return number + stack.popLast()!
    case "-":
        return number - stack.popLast()!
    case "*":
        return number * stack.popLast()!
    case "/":
        return number / stack.popLast()!
    default:
        return 0
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Calculator which supports operations from readable string format.
Valid tokens is "+-*/()", example input is "2+2*2".

Answer:
```swift
enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    var stack = [Double]()
    var currentNumber: Double = 0
    var currentOperator: String = ""

    for token in string.tokens {
        switch token {
        case let number as Double:
            currentNumber = number
        case let operator as String:
            if currentOperator.isEmpty {
                currentOperator = operator
            } else {
                let result = calculate(currentNumber, currentOperator, stack)
                stack.append(result)
                currentNumber = 0
                currentOperator = operator
            }
        case let operator as String:
            if currentOperator.isEmpty {
                currentOperator = operator
            } else {
                let result = calculate(currentNumber, currentOperator, stack)
                stack.append(result)
                currentNumber = 0
                currentOperator = operator
            }
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }

    if!currentOperator.isEmpty {
        let result = calculate(currentNumber, currentOperator, stack)
        stack.append(result)
    }

    return stack.first?? 0
}

func calculate(_ number: Double, _ operator: String, _ stack: inout [Double]) -> Double {
    switch operator {
    case "+":
        return number + stack.popLast()!
    case "-":
        return number - stack.popLast()!
    case "*":
        return number * stack.popLast()!
    case "/":
        return number / stack.popLast()!
    default:
        return 0
    }
}
```

enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    var stack = [Double]()
    var operatorStack = [Character]()
    var index = 0

    while index < string.count {
        let currentChar = string[string.index(string.startIndex, offsetBy: index)]

        switch currentChar {
        case " ":
            index += 1
        case "(", ")":
            let expression = try parseExpression(from: string, start: index)
            let result = try calculateExpression(expression)
            stack.append(result)
            index += expression.count
        case "+":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! + top!)
        case "-":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! - top!)
        case "*":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        case "/":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! / top!)
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }

    return stack.first!
}

func parseExpression(from string: String, start: Int) throws -> String {
    var index = start
    var expression = ""

    while index < string.count {
        let currentChar = string[string.index(string.startIndex, offsetBy: index)]

        switch currentChar {
        case "(", ")", " ", "+-", "*", "/":
            break
        default:
            expression.append(currentChar)
        }

        index += 1
    }

    return expression
}

func calculateExpression(_ expression: String) throws -> Double {
    let tokens = expression.split(separator: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()

    for token in tokens {
        let value = Double(token)?? 0
        stack.append(value)
    }

    while stack.count > 1 {
        let top = stack.popLast()
        let bottom = stack.popLast()
        let operator = stack.popLast()

        switch operator {
        case "+":
            stack.append(bottom! + top!)
        case "-":
            stack.append(bottom! - top!)
        case "*":
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        case "/":
            stack.append(bottom! / top!)
        default:
            break
        }
    }

    return stack.first!
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Calculator which supports operations from readable string format.
Valid tokens is "+-*/()", example input is "2+2*2".

Answer:
```swift
enum CalculateError: Error {
    case invalidInput
}

func calculate(_ string: String) throws -> Double {
    var stack = [Double]()
    var operatorStack = [Character]()
    var index = 0

    while index < string.count {
        let currentChar = string[string.index(string.startIndex, offsetBy: index)]

        switch currentChar {
        case " ":
            index += 1
        case "(", ")":
            let expression = try parseExpression(from: string, start: index)
            let result = try calculateExpression(expression)
            stack.append(result)
            index += expression.count
        case "+":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! + top!)
        case "-":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! - top!)
        case "*":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        case "/":
            let top = stack.popLast()
            let bottom = stack.popLast()
            stack.append(bottom! / top!)
        default:
            throw CalculateError.invalidInput
        }
    }

    return stack.first!
}

func parseExpression(from string: String, start: Int) throws -> String {
    var index = start
    var expression = ""

    while index < string.count {
        let currentChar = string[string.index(string.startIndex, offsetBy: index)]

        switch currentChar {
        case "(", ")", " ", "+-", "*", "/":
            break
        default:
            expression.append(currentChar)
        }

        index += 1
    }

    return expression
}

func calculateExpression(_ expression: String) throws -> Double {
    let tokens = expression.split(separator: " ")
    var stack = [Double]()

    for token in tokens {
        let value = Double(token)?? 0
        stack.append(value)
    }

    while stack.count > 1 {
        let top = stack.popLast()
        let bottom = stack.popLast()
        let operator = stack.popLast()

        switch operator {
        case "+":
            stack.append(bottom! + top!)
        case "-":
            stack.append(bottom! - top!)
        case "*":
            stack.append(bottom! * top!)
        case "/":
            stack.append(bottom! / top!)
        default:
            break
        }
    }

    return stack.first!
}
```

func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    task.launch()
    
    let stdoutPipe = Pipe()
    let stderrPipe = Pipe()
    
    task.standardOutput = stdoutPipe
    task.standardError = stderrPipe
    
    let stdoutData = stdoutPipe.fileHandleForReading
    let stderrData = stderrPipe.fileHandleForReading
    
    let stdoutString = readDataToString(data: stdoutData)
    let stderrString = readDataToString(data: stderrData)
    
    task.waitUntilExit()
    
    return (stdoutString, stderrString)
}

func readDataToString(data: FileHandle) -> String {
    let decoder = StringDecoder()
    let buffer = UnsafeMutablePointer<UInt8>.allocate(capacity: 1024)
    defer {
        buffer.deallocate()
    }
    
    var string = ""
    while let length = data.read(buffer, maxLength: 1024) {
        string += decoder.decode(String.self, from: Data(bytes: buffer, count: length))
    }
    
    return string
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Function to execute binary with arguments.
Returns tuple where first element is stdout and second is stderr.

Answer:
```swift
func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    task.launch()
    
    let stdoutPipe = Pipe()
    let stderrPipe = Pipe()
    
    task.standardOutput = stdoutPipe
    task.standardError = stderrPipe
    
    let stdoutData = stdoutPipe.fileHandleForReading
    let stderrData = stderrPipe.fileHandleForReading
    
    let stdoutString = readDataToString(data: stdoutData)
    let stderrString = readDataToString(data: stderrData)
    
    task.waitUntilExit()
    
    return (stdoutString, stderrString)
}

func readDataToString(data: FileHandle) -> String {
    let decoder = StringDecoder()
    let buffer = UnsafeMutablePointer<UInt8>.allocate(capacity: 1024)
    defer {
        buffer.deallocate()
    }
    
    var string = ""
    while let length = data.read(buffer, maxLength: 1024) {
        string += decoder.decode(String.self, from: Data(bytes: buffer, count: length))
    }
    
    return string
}
```

func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    task.launch()
    let stdoutPipe = Pipe()
    let stderrPipe = Pipe()
    task.standardOutput = stdoutPipe
    task.standardError = stderrPipe
    let stdoutData = stdoutPipe.fileHandleForReading
    let stderrData = stderrPipe.fileHandleForReading
    let stdoutString = readDataToString(data: stdoutData)
    let stderrString = readDataToString(data: stderrData)
    task.waitUntilExit()
    return (stdoutString, stderrString)
}

func readDataToString(data: FileHandle) -> String {
    let decoder = StringDecoder()
    let buffer = UnsafeMutablePointer<UInt8>.allocate(capacity: 1024)
    defer {
        buffer.deallocate()
    }
    var string = ""
    while let length = data.read(buffer, maxLength: 1024) {
        string += decoder.decode(String.self, from: Data(bytes: buffer, count: length))
    }
    return string
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Function to execute binary with arguments.
Returns tuple where first element is stdout and second is stderr.

Answer:
```swift
func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    task.launch()
    let stdoutPipe = Pipe()
    let stderrPipe = Pipe()
    task.standardOutput = stdoutPipe
    task.standardError = stderrPipe
    let stdoutData = stdoutPipe.fileHandleForReading
    let stderrData = stderrPipe.fileHandleForReading
    let stdoutString = readDataToString(data: stdoutData)
    let stderrString = readDataToString(data: stderrData)
    task.waitUntilExit()
    return (stdoutString, stderrString)
}

func readDataToString(data: FileHandle) -> String {
    let decoder = StringDecoder()
    let buffer = UnsafeMutablePointer<UInt8>.allocate(capacity: 1024)
    defer {
        buffer.deallocate()
    }
    var string = ""
    while let length = data.read(buffer, maxLength: 1024) {
        string += decoder.decode(String.self, from: Data(bytes: buffer, count: length))
    }
    return string
}
```

func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    let pipe = Pipe()
    task.standardOutput = pipe
    task.standardError = pipe
    task.launch()
    let stdout = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readToString()
    let stderr = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readToString()
    task.waitUntilExit()
    return (stdout, stderr)
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Function to execute binary with arguments.
Returns tuple where first element is stdout and second is stderr.

Answer:
```swift
func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    let pipe = Pipe()
    task.standardOutput = pipe
    task.standardError = pipe
    task.launch()
    let stdout = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readToString()
    let stderr = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readToString()
    task.waitUntilExit()
    return (stdout, stderr)
}
```

func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    task.standardOutput = FileHandle.standardOutput
    task.standardError = FileHandle.standardError
    task.launch()
    task.waitUntilExit()
    let stdout = String(data: task.standardOutput.readData(), encoding:.utf8)!
    let stderr = String(data: task.standardError.readData(), encoding:.utf8)!
    return (stdout, stderr)
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Function to execute binary with arguments.
Returns tuple where first element is stdout and second is stderr.

Answer:
```swift
func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    task.standardOutput = FileHandle.standardOutput
    task.standardError = FileHandle.standardError
    task.launch()
    task.waitUntilExit()
    let stdout = String(data: task.standardOutput.readData(), encoding:.utf8)!
    let stderr = String(data: task.standardError.readData(), encoding:.utf8)!
    return (stdout, stderr)
}
```

func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    task.standardOutput = FileHandle.standardOutput
    task.standardError = FileHandle.standardError
    task.launch()
    task.waitUntilExit()
    let stdout = String(data: task.standardOutput.readData(), encoding:.utf8)?? ""
    let stderr = String(data: task.standardError.readData(), encoding:.utf8)?? ""
    return (stdout, stderr)
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Function to execute binary with arguments.
Returns tuple where first element is stdout and second is stderr.

Answer:
```swift
func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    task.standardOutput = FileHandle.standardOutput
    task.standardError = FileHandle.standardError
    task.launch()
    task.waitUntilExit()
    let stdout = String(data: task.standardOutput.readData(), encoding:.utf8)?? ""
    let stderr = String(data: task.standardError.readData(), encoding:.utf8)?? ""
    return (stdout, stderr)
}
```

func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    let pipe = Pipe()
    task.standardOutput = pipe
    task.standardError = pipe
    task.launch()
    let stdout = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readToString()
    let stderr = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readToString()
    task.waitUntilExit()
    return (stdout, stderr)
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Function to execute binary with arguments.
Returns tuple where first element is stdout and second is stderr.

Answer:
```swift
func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    let pipe = Pipe()
    task.standardOutput = pipe
    task.standardError = pipe
    task.launch()
    let stdout = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readToString()
    let stderr = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readToString()
    task.waitUntilExit()
    return (stdout, stderr)
}
```

func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    let pipe = Pipe()
    task.standardOutput = pipe
    task.standardError = pipe
    task.launch()
    let stdoutData = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readDataToEndOfFile()
    let stderrData = pipe.fileHandleForWriting.readDataToEndOfFile()
    let stdout = String(data: stdoutData, encoding:.utf8)!
    let stderr = String(data: stderrData, encoding:.utf8)!
    return (stdout, stderr)
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Function to execute binary with arguments.
Returns tuple where first element is stdout and second is stderr.

Answer:
```swift
func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    let pipe = Pipe()
    task.standardOutput = pipe
    task.standardError = pipe
    task.launch()
    let stdoutData = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readDataToEndOfFile()
    let stderrData = pipe.fileHandleForWriting.readDataToEndOfFile()
    let stdout = String(data: stdoutData, encoding:.utf8)!
    let stderr = String(data: stderrData, encoding:.utf8)!
    return (stdout, stderr)
}
```

func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    let pipe = Pipe()
    task.standardOutput = pipe
    task.standardError = pipe
    task.launch()
    let stdoutData = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readDataToEndOfFile()
    let stderrData = pipe.fileHandleForWriting.readDataToEndOfFile()
    let stdout = String(data: stdoutData, encoding:.utf8)!
    let stderr = String(data: stderrData, encoding:.utf8)!
    return (stdout, stderr)
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Function to execute binary with arguments.
Returns tuple where first element is stdout and second is stderr.

Answer:
```swift
func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    let pipe = Pipe()
    task.standardOutput = pipe
    task.standardError = pipe
    task.launch()
    let stdoutData = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readDataToEndOfFile()
    let stderrData = pipe.fileHandleForWriting.readDataToEndOfFile()
    let stdout = String(data: stdoutData, encoding:.utf8)!
    let stderr = String(data: stderrData, encoding:.utf8)!
    return (stdout, stderr)
}
```

func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    task.standardOutput = FileHandle.standardOutput
    task.standardError = FileHandle.standardError
    
    let pipe = Pipe()
    task.standardInput = pipe
    
    let stdoutData = pipe.fileHandleForReading
    let stderrData = pipe.fileHandleForWriting
    
    task.launch()
    
    let stdout = stdoutData.readDataToEndOfFile()
    let stderr = stderrData.readDataToEndOfFile()
    
    return (String(data: stdout, encoding:.utf8)!, String(data: stderr, encoding:.utf8)!)
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Function to execute binary with arguments.
Returns tuple where first element is stdout and second is stderr.

Answer:
```swift
func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    task.standardOutput = FileHandle.standardOutput
    task.standardError = FileHandle.standardError
    
    let pipe = Pipe()
    task.standardInput = pipe
    
    let stdoutData = pipe.fileHandleForReading
    let stderrData = pipe.fileHandleForWriting
    
    task.launch()
    
    let stdout = stdoutData.readDataToEndOfFile()
    let stderr = stderrData.readDataToEndOfFile()
    
    return (String(data: stdout, encoding:.utf8)!, String(data: stderr, encoding:.utf8)!)
}
```

func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    let pipe = Pipe()
    task.standardOutput = pipe
    task.standardError = pipe
    task.launch()
    let stdoutData = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readDataToEndOfFile()
    let stderrData = pipe.fileHandleForWriting.readDataToEndOfFile()
    let stdout = String(data: stdoutData, encoding:.utf8)!
    let stderr = String(data: stderrData, encoding:.utf8)!
    return (stdout, stderr)
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Function to execute binary with arguments.
Returns tuple where first element is stdout and second is stderr.

Answer:
```swift
func execute(binary: String, arguments: [String]) -> (String, String) {
    let task = Process()
    task.launchPath = binary
    task.arguments = arguments
    let pipe = Pipe()
    task.standardOutput = pipe
    task.standardError = pipe
    task.launch()
    let stdoutData = pipe.fileHandleForReading.readDataToEndOfFile()
    let stderrData = pipe.fileHandleForWriting.readDataToEndOfFile()
    let stdout = String(data: stdoutData, encoding:.utf8)!
    let stderr = String(data: stderrData, encoding:.utf8)!
    return (stdout, stderr)
}
```

func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    return { input in
        if let cachedValue = cache[input] {
            return cachedValue
        }
        let result = function(input)
        cache[input] = result
        return result
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Memoization function that caches the results of expensive computations.

Answer:
```swift
func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    return { input in
        if let cachedValue = cache[input] {
            return cachedValue
        }
        let result = function(input)
        cache[input] = result
        return result
    }
}
```

func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    
    return { (arg: T) -> U in
        if let cachedValue = cache[arg] {
            return cachedValue
        }
        
        let result = function(arg)
        cache[arg] = result
        return result
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Memoization function that caches the results of expensive computations.

Answer:
```swift
func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    
    return { (arg: T) -> U in
        if let cachedValue = cache[arg] {
            return cachedValue
        }
        
        let result = function(arg)
        cache[arg] = result
        return result
    }
}
```

func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    return { input in
        if let cached = cache[input] {
            return cached
        }
        let result = function(input)
        cache[input] = result
        return result
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Memoization function that caches the results of expensive computations.

Answer:
```swift
func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    return { input in
        if let cached = cache[input] {
            return cached
        }
        let result = function(input)
        cache[input] = result
        return result
    }
}
```

func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    return { (arg: T) -> U in
        if let result = cache[arg] {
            return result
        }
        let result = function(arg)
        cache[arg] = result
        return result
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Memoization function that caches the results of expensive computations.

Answer:
```swift
func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    return { (arg: T) -> U in
        if let result = cache[arg] {
            return result
        }
        let result = function(arg)
        cache[arg] = result
        return result
    }
}
```

func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    return { input in
        if let cachedValue = cache[input] {
            return cachedValue
        }
        let result = function(input)
        cache[input] = result
        return result
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Memoization function that caches the results of expensive computations.

Answer:
```swift
func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    return { input in
        if let cachedValue = cache[input] {
            return cachedValue
        }
        let result = function(input)
        cache[input] = result
        return result
    }
}
```

func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    
    return { input in
        if let cachedValue = cache[input] {
            return cachedValue
        } else {
            let result = function(input)
            cache[input] = result
            return result
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Memoization function that caches the results of expensive computations.

Answer:
```swift
func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    
    return { input in
        if let cachedValue = cache[input] {
            return cachedValue
        } else {
            let result = function(input)
            cache[input] = result
            return result
        }
    }
}
```

func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()

    return { input in
        if let cachedValue = cache[input] {
            return cachedValue
        }

        let result = function(input)
        cache[input] = result
        return result
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Memoization function that caches the results of expensive computations.

Answer:
```swift
func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()

    return { input in
        if let cachedValue = cache[input] {
            return cachedValue
        }

        let result = function(input)
        cache[input] = result
        return result
    }
}
```

func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()

    return { input in
        if let cachedValue = cache[input] {
            return cachedValue
        }

        let result = function(input)
        cache[input] = result
        return result
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Memoization function that caches the results of expensive computations.

Answer:
```swift
func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()

    return { input in
        if let cachedValue = cache[input] {
            return cachedValue
        }

        let result = function(input)
        cache[input] = result
        return result
    }
}
```

func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    
    return { input in
        if let cachedResult = cache[input] {
            return cachedResult
        }
        
        let result = function(input)
        cache[input] = result
        return result
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Memoization function that caches the results of expensive computations.

Answer:
```swift
func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    
    return { input in
        if let cachedResult = cache[input] {
            return cachedResult
        }
        
        let result = function(input)
        cache[input] = result
        return result
    }
}
```

func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    return { arg in
        if let cached = cache[arg] {
            return cached
        }
        let result = function(arg)
        cache[arg] = result
        return result
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Memoization function that caches the results of expensive computations.

Answer:
```swift
func memoize<T: Hashable, U>(_ function: @escaping (T) -> U) -> (T) -> U {
    var cache = [T: U]()
    return { arg in
        if let cached = cache[arg] {
            return cached
        }
        let result = function(arg)
        cache[arg] = result
        return result
    }
}
```

func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Retry mechanism that retries a task a specified number of times before failing.

Answer:
```swift
func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}
```

func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Retry mechanism that retries a task a specified number of times before failing.

Answer:
```swift
func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}
```

func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Retry mechanism that retries a task a specified number of times before failing.

Answer:
```swift
func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}
```

func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Retry mechanism that retries a task a specified number of times before failing.

Answer:
```swift
func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}
```

func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Retry mechanism that retries a task a specified number of times before failing.

Answer:
```swift
func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}
```

func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Retry mechanism that retries a task a specified number of times before failing.

Answer:
```swift
func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}
```

func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Retry mechanism that retries a task a specified number of times before failing.

Answer:
```swift
func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}
```

func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Retry mechanism that retries a task a specified number of times before failing.

Answer:
```swift
func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}
```

func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Retry mechanism that retries a task a specified number of times before failing.

Answer:
```swift
func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 0..<attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}
```

func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 1...attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Retry mechanism that retries a task a specified number of times before failing.

Answer:
```swift
func retry<T>(attempts: Int, task: @escaping () throws -> T) throws -> T {
    for _ in 1...attempts {
        do {
            return try task()
        } catch {
            continue
        }
    }
    throw error
}
```

protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registry = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registry[String(describing: type)] = factory()
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        if let value = registry[String(describing: type)] as? T {
            return value
        }
        return nil
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple dependency injection (DI) container.

Answer:
```swift
protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registry = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registry[String(describing: type)] = factory()
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        if let value = registry[String(describing: type)] as? T {
            return value
        }
        return nil
    }
}
```

protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registrations = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registrations[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        guard let factory = registrations[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T else {
            return nil
        }
        return factory()
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple dependency injection (DI) container.

Answer:
```swift
protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registrations = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registrations[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        guard let factory = registrations[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T else {
            return nil
        }
        return factory()
    }
}
```

protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registrations = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registrations[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        if let factory = registrations[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T {
            return factory()
        }
        return nil
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple dependency injection (DI) container.

Answer:
```swift
protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registrations = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registrations[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        if let factory = registrations[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T {
            return factory()
        }
        return nil
    }
}
```

protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registry = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registry[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        if let factory = registry[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T {
            return factory()
        }
        return nil
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple dependency injection (DI) container.

Answer:
```swift
protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registry = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registry[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        if let factory = registry[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T {
            return factory()
        }
        return nil
    }
}
```

protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registry = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registry[String(describing: type)] = factory()
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        if let value = registry[String(describing: type)] as? T {
            return value
        }
        return nil
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple dependency injection (DI) container.

Answer:
```swift
protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registry = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registry[String(describing: type)] = factory()
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        if let value = registry[String(describing: type)] as? T {
            return value
        }
        return nil
    }
}
```

protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registry = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registry[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        guard let factory = registry[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T else {
            return nil
        }
        return factory()
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple dependency injection (DI) container.

Answer:
```swift
protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registry = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registry[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        guard let factory = registry[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T else {
            return nil
        }
        return factory()
    }
}
```

protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registrations = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registrations[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        if let factory = registrations[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T {
            return factory()
        }
        return nil
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple dependency injection (DI) container.

Answer:
```swift
protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registrations = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registrations[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        if let factory = registrations[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T {
            return factory()
        }
        return nil
    }
}
```

protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registrations = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registrations[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        if let factory = registrations[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T {
            return factory()
        }
        return nil
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple dependency injection (DI) container.

Answer:
```swift
protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registrations = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registrations[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        if let factory = registrations[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T {
            return factory()
        }
        return nil
    }
}
```

protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registrations = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registrations[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        guard let factory = registrations[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T else {
            return nil
        }
        return factory()
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple dependency injection (DI) container.

Answer:
```swift
protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registrations = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registrations[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        guard let factory = registrations[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T else {
            return nil
        }
        return factory()
    }
}
```

protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registry = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registry[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        if let factory = registry[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T {
            return factory()
        }
        return nil
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple dependency injection (DI) container.

Answer:
```swift
protocol DIContainerProtocol {
    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T)
    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T?
}

class DIContainer: DIContainerProtocol {
    private var registry = [String: Any]()

    func register<T>(_ type: T.Type, factory: @escaping () -> T) {
        registry[String(describing: type)] = factory
    }

    func resolve<T>(_ type: T.Type) -> T? {
        if let factory = registry[String(describing: type)] as? () -> T {
            return factory()
        }
        return nil
    }
}
```

protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [State: [Event: State]] = [:]
    private var initialState: State
    
    init(state: State) {
        initialState = state
    }
    
    var state: State {
        return currentState
    }
    
    func trigger(event: Event) {
        let nextState = transitions[currentState][event]?? currentState
        currentState = nextState
    }
    
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions[from, default: [:]][event] = to
    }
    
    private var currentState: State {
        return initialState
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Finite state machine with possibility to register custom transitions between states.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [State: [Event: State]] = [:]
    private var initialState: State
    
    init(state: State) {
        initialState = state
    }
    
    var state: State {
        return currentState
    }
    
    func trigger(event: Event) {
        let nextState = transitions[currentState][event]?? currentState
        currentState = nextState
    }
    
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions[from, default: [:]][event] = to
    }
    
    private var currentState: State {
        return initialState
    }
}
```

protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [State: [Event: State]] = [:]
    private var initialState: State
    
    init(state: State) {
        initialState = state
    }
    
    var state: State {
        return currentState
    }
    
    func trigger(event: Event) {
        guard let nextState = transitions[currentState][event] else {
            return
        }
        currentState = nextState
    }
    
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions[from, default: [:]][event] = to
    }
    
    private var currentState: State {
        return initialState
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Finite state machine with possibility to register custom transitions between states.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [State: [Event: State]] = [:]
    private var initialState: State
    
    init(state: State) {
        initialState = state
    }
    
    var state: State {
        return currentState
    }
    
    func trigger(event: Event) {
        guard let nextState = transitions[currentState][event] else {
            return
        }
        currentState = nextState
    }
    
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions[from, default: [:]][event] = to
    }
    
    private var currentState: State {
        return initialState
    }
}
```

protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var state: State
    private var transitions: [State: [Event: State]] = [:]

    init(state: State) {
        self.state = state
    }

    var currentState: State {
        return state
    }

    func trigger(event: Event) {
        guard let nextState = transitions[state][event] else {
            return
        }
        state = nextState
    }

    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions[from, default: [:]][event] = to
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Finite state machine with possibility to register custom transitions between states.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var state: State
    private var transitions: [State: [Event: State]] = [:]

    init(state: State) {
        self.state = state
    }

    var currentState: State {
        return state
    }

    func trigger(event: Event) {
        guard let nextState = transitions[state][event] else {
            return
        }
        state = nextState
    }

    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions[from, default: [:]][event] = to
    }
}
```

protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [State: [Event: State]] = [:]
    private var currentState: State
    
    init(state: State) {
        currentState = state
    }
    
    var state: State {
        return currentState
    }
    
    func trigger(event: Event) {
        guard let nextState = transitions[currentState][event] else {
            return
        }
        currentState = nextState
    }
    
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions[from, default: [:]][event] = to
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Finite state machine with possibility to register custom transitions between states.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [State: [Event: State]] = [:]
    private var currentState: State
    
    init(state: State) {
        currentState = state
    }
    
    var state: State {
        return currentState
    }
    
    func trigger(event: Event) {
        guard let nextState = transitions[currentState][event] else {
            return
        }
        currentState = nextState
    }
    
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions[from, default: [:]][event] = to
    }
}
```

protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [(from: State, to: State, event: Event)] = []
    private var state: State

    init(state: State) {
        self.state = state
    }

    func trigger(event: Event) {
        let transition = transitions.first(where: { $0.event == event })
        guard let transition = transition else {
            return
        }
        state = transition.to
    }

    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions.append((from: from, to: to, event: event))
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Finite state machine with possibility to register custom transitions between states.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [(from: State, to: State, event: Event)] = []
    private var state: State

    init(state: State) {
        self.state = state
    }

    func trigger(event: Event) {
        let transition = transitions.first(where: { $0.event == event })
        guard let transition = transition else {
            return
        }
        state = transition.to
    }

    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions.append((from: from, to: to, event: event))
    }
}
```

protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [(from: State, to: State, event: Event)] = []
    private var currentState: State
    
    init(state: State) {
        currentState = state
    }
    
    var state: State {
        return currentState
    }
    
    func trigger(event: Event) {
        guard let transition = transitions.first(where: { $0.event == event }) else {
            return
        }
        
        currentState = transition.to
    }
    
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions.append((from: from, to: to, event: event))
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Finite state machine with possibility to register custom transitions between states.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [(from: State, to: State, event: Event)] = []
    private var currentState: State
    
    init(state: State) {
        currentState = state
    }
    
    var state: State {
        return currentState
    }
    
    func trigger(event: Event) {
        guard let transition = transitions.first(where: { $0.event == event }) else {
            return
        }
        
        currentState = transition.to
    }
    
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions.append((from: from, to: to, event: event))
    }
}
```

protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [State: [Event: State]] = [:]
    private var currentState: State
    
    init(state: State) {
        currentState = state
    }
    
    var state: State {
        return currentState
    }
    
    func trigger(event: Event) {
        guard let nextState = transitions[currentState][event] else {
            return
        }
        
        currentState = nextState
    }
    
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions[from, default: [:]][event] = to
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Finite state machine with possibility to register custom transitions between states.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [State: [Event: State]] = [:]
    private var currentState: State
    
    init(state: State) {
        currentState = state
    }
    
    var state: State {
        return currentState
    }
    
    func trigger(event: Event) {
        guard let nextState = transitions[currentState][event] else {
            return
        }
        
        currentState = nextState
    }
    
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions[from, default: [:]][event] = to
    }
}
```

protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [(from: State, to: State, event: Event)] = []
    private var currentState: State
    
    init(state: State) {
        currentState = state
    }
    
    var state: State {
        return currentState
    }
    
    func trigger(event: Event) {
        guard let transition = transitions.first(where: { $0.event == event }) else {
            return
        }
        
        currentState = transition.to
    }
    
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions.append((from: from, to: to, event: event))
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Finite state machine with possibility to register custom transitions between states.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [(from: State, to: State, event: Event)] = []
    private var currentState: State
    
    init(state: State) {
        currentState = state
    }
    
    var state: State {
        return currentState
    }
    
    func trigger(event: Event) {
        guard let transition = transitions.first(where: { $0.event == event }) else {
            return
        }
        
        currentState = transition.to
    }
    
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions.append((from: from, to: to, event: event))
    }
}
```

protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [(from: State, to: State, event: Event)] = []
    private var state: State

    init(state: State) {
        self.state = state
    }

    var currentState: State {
        return state
    }

    func trigger(event: Event) {
        guard let transition = transitions.first(where: { $0.event == event }) else {
            return
        }
        state = transition.to
    }

    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions.append((from: from, to: to, event: event))
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Finite state machine with possibility to register custom transitions between states.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [(from: State, to: State, event: Event)] = []
    private var state: State

    init(state: State) {
        self.state = state
    }

    var currentState: State {
        return state
    }

    func trigger(event: Event) {
        guard let transition = transitions.first(where: { $0.event == event }) else {
            return
        }
        state = transition.to
    }

    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions.append((from: from, to: to, event: event))
    }
}
```

protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [(from: State, to: State, event: Event)] = []
    private var state: State

    init(state: State) {
        self.state = state
    }

    func trigger(event: Event) {
        let transition = transitions.first(where: { $0.event == event })
        guard let transition = transition else {
            return
        }
        state = transition.to
    }

    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions.append((from: from, to: to, event: event))
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Finite state machine with possibility to register custom transitions between states.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StateMachineProtocol {
    associatedtype State: Hashable
    associatedtype Event: Hashable
    init(state: State)
    var state: State { get }
    func trigger(event: Event)
    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event)
}

class StateMachine<State: Hashable, Event: Hashable>: StateMachineProtocol {
    private var transitions: [(from: State, to: State, event: Event)] = []
    private var state: State

    init(state: State) {
        self.state = state
    }

    func trigger(event: Event) {
        let transition = transitions.first(where: { $0.event == event })
        guard let transition = transition else {
            return
        }
        state = transition.to
    }

    func registerTransition(from: State, to: State, event: Event) {
        transitions.append((from: from, to: to, event: event))
    }
}
```

indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case.file:
            return 0
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.treeDepth }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Abstract file system manager and metadata calculation.
Used to calculate total size of all files in file system, files count and file system tree depth.

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case.file:
            return 0
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.treeDepth }
        }
    }
}
```

indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case.file:
            return 0
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Abstract file system manager and metadata calculation.
Used to calculate total size of all files in file system, files count and file system tree depth.

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case.file:
            return 0
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}
```

indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }
    
    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }
    
    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case.file:
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Abstract file system manager and metadata calculation.
Used to calculate total size of all files in file system, files count and file system tree depth.

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }
    
    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }
    
    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case.file:
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}
```

indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case.file:
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Abstract file system manager and metadata calculation.
Used to calculate total size of all files in file system, files count and file system tree depth.

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case.file:
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}
```

indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 0
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Abstract file system manager and metadata calculation.
Used to calculate total size of all files in file system, files count and file system tree depth.

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 0
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}
```

indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 0
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Abstract file system manager and metadata calculation.
Used to calculate total size of all files in file system, files count and file system tree depth.

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 0
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}
```

indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case.file:
            return 0
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Abstract file system manager and metadata calculation.
Used to calculate total size of all files in file system, files count and file system tree depth.

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case.file:
            return 0
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}
```

indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 0
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Abstract file system manager and metadata calculation.
Used to calculate total size of all files in file system, files count and file system tree depth.

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 0
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}
```

indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 0
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Abstract file system manager and metadata calculation.
Used to calculate total size of all files in file system, files count and file system tree depth.

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return size + contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(name, _):
            return 0
        case let.directory(name, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}
```

indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(_, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(_, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(_, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(_, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(_, _):
            return 0
        case let.directory(_, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}

func calculateFileSystemInfo(node: FileSystemNode) -> FileSystemInfo {
    return node
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Abstract file system manager and metadata calculation.
Used to calculate total size of all files in file system, files count and file system tree depth.

Answer:
```swift
indirect enum FileSystemNode {
    case file(name: String, size: Int)
    case directory(name: String, contents: [FileSystemNode])
}

protocol FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int { get }
    var filesCount: Int { get }
    var treeDepth: Int { get }
}

extension FileSystemNode: FileSystemInfo {
    var totalSize: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(_, size):
            return size
        case let.directory(_, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.totalSize }
        }
    }

    var filesCount: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(_, _):
            return 1
        case let.directory(_, contents):
            return contents.reduce(0) { $0 + $1.filesCount }
        }
    }

    var treeDepth: Int {
        switch self {
        case let.file(_, _):
            return 0
        case let.directory(_, contents):
            return 1 + contents.reduce(0) { max($0, $1.treeDepth) }
        }
    }
}

func calculateFileSystemInfo(node: FileSystemNode) -> FileSystemInfo {
    return node
}
```

protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []

    init() {}

    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }

    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic stack with push and pop functions.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []

    init() {}

    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }

    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}
```

protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []

    init() {}

    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }

    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic stack with push and pop functions.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []

    init() {}

    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }

    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}
```

protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []
    
    init() {}
    
    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }
    
    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic stack with push and pop functions.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []
    
    init() {}
    
    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }
    
    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}
```

protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []
    
    init() {}
    
    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }
    
    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic stack with push and pop functions.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []
    
    init() {}
    
    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }
    
    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}
```

protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []

    init() {}

    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }

    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic stack with push and pop functions.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []

    init() {}

    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }

    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}
```

protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []

    init() {}

    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }

    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic stack with push and pop functions.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []

    init() {}

    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }

    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}
```

protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []

    init() {}

    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }

    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic stack with push and pop functions.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []

    init() {}

    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }

    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}
```

protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []
    
    init() {}
    
    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }
    
    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic stack with push and pop functions.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []
    
    init() {}
    
    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }
    
    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}
```

protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []
    
    init() {}
    
    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }
    
    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic stack with push and pop functions.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []
    
    init() {}
    
    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }
    
    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}
```

protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []
    
    init() {}
    
    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }
    
    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic stack with push and pop functions.

Answer:
```swift
protocol StackProtocol {
    associatedtype Element
    init()
    func push(_ element: Element)
    func pop() -> Element?
}

class Stack<Element>: StackProtocol {
    private var elements: [Element] = []
    
    init() {}
    
    func push(_ element: Element) {
        elements.append(element)
    }
    
    func pop() -> Element? {
        return elements.popLast()
    }
}
```

protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Element]
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = value
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            accessOrder[key] = newValue
            
            if cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.first
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
            }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic in-memory cache that follows to the LRU (Least Recently Used) eviction policy.
The cache should have a specified capacity limit, and when this limit is reached, it should remove the least recently used item to make space for new entries.

Answer:
```swift
protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Element]
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = value
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            accessOrder[key] = newValue
            
            if cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.first
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
            }
        }
    }
}
```

protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var keys: [Key]
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.keys = []
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                keys.remove(key)
                keys.append(key)
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            if let value = newValue {
                cache[key] = value
                keys.remove(key)
                keys.append(key)
            }
        }
    }
    
    func evict() {
        guard let leastRecentlyUsedKey = keys.first else {
            return
        }
        cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
        keys.remove(leastRecentlyUsedKey)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic in-memory cache that follows to the LRU (Least Recently Used) eviction policy.
The cache should have a specified capacity limit, and when this limit is reached, it should remove the least recently used item to make space for new entries.

Answer:
```swift
protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var keys: [Key]
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.keys = []
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                keys.remove(key)
                keys.append(key)
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            if let value = newValue {
                cache[key] = value
                keys.remove(key)
                keys.append(key)
            }
        }
    }
    
    func evict() {
        guard let leastRecentlyUsedKey = keys.first else {
            return
        }
        cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
        keys.remove(leastRecentlyUsedKey)
    }
}
```

protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Key]
    private var accessOrderIndex = 0

    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
    }

    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
                accessOrderIndex += 1
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
            accessOrderIndex += 1
            while cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.first!
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
            }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic in-memory cache that follows to the LRU (Least Recently Used) eviction policy.
The cache should have a specified capacity limit, and when this limit is reached, it should remove the least recently used item to make space for new entries.

Answer:
```swift
protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Key]
    private var accessOrderIndex = 0

    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
    }

    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
                accessOrderIndex += 1
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
            accessOrderIndex += 1
            while cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.first!
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
            }
        }
    }
}
```

protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Date]
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            guard let value = cache[key] else { return nil }
            accessOrder[key] = Date()
            return value
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            accessOrder[key] = Date()
            if cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.sorted { accessOrder[$0]! < accessOrder[$1]! }.first
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey!)
            }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic in-memory cache that follows to the LRU (Least Recently Used) eviction policy.
The cache should have a specified capacity limit, and when this limit is reached, it should remove the least recently used item to make space for new entries.

Answer:
```swift
protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Date]
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            guard let value = cache[key] else { return nil }
            accessOrder[key] = Date()
            return value
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            accessOrder[key] = Date()
            if cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.sorted { accessOrder[$0]! < accessOrder[$1]! }.first
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey!)
            }
        }
    }
}
```

protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Int]
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrder[key]?? 0
                accessOrder[key] += 1
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            accessOrder[key] = 0
        }
    }
    
    func removeLeastRecentlyUsed() {
        guard let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.sorted { accessOrder[$0]! < accessOrder[$1]! }.first else {
            return
        }
        
        cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
        accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic in-memory cache that follows to the LRU (Least Recently Used) eviction policy.
The cache should have a specified capacity limit, and when this limit is reached, it should remove the least recently used item to make space for new entries.

Answer:
```swift
protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Int]
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrder[key]?? 0
                accessOrder[key] += 1
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            accessOrder[key] = 0
        }
    }
    
    func removeLeastRecentlyUsed() {
        guard let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.sorted { accessOrder[$0]! < accessOrder[$1]! }.first else {
            return
        }
        
        cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
        accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
    }
}
```

protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Key]
    private var accessOrderIndex: Int
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
        self.accessOrderIndex = 0
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
                accessOrderIndex += 1
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            if let index = accessOrder[key] {
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: key)
                accessOrder.insert(key, at: index)
            } else {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
                accessOrderIndex += 1
            }
            while cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.first
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
            }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic in-memory cache that follows to the LRU (Least Recently Used) eviction policy.
The cache should have a specified capacity limit, and when this limit is reached, it should remove the least recently used item to make space for new entries.

Answer:
```swift
protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Key]
    private var accessOrderIndex: Int
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
        self.accessOrderIndex = 0
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
                accessOrderIndex += 1
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            if let index = accessOrder[key] {
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: key)
                accessOrder.insert(key, at: index)
            } else {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
                accessOrderIndex += 1
            }
            while cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.first
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
            }
        }
    }
}
```

protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Int]
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrder[key]?? 0
                accessOrder[key] += 1
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            accessOrder[key] = accessOrder[key]?? 0
            accessOrder[key] += 1
            
            if cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.reduce(nil) { (result, element) -> Key? in
                    guard let key = element.key else {
                        return result
                    }
                    return result?? key
                }
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey!)
            }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic in-memory cache that follows to the LRU (Least Recently Used) eviction policy.
The cache should have a specified capacity limit, and when this limit is reached, it should remove the least recently used item to make space for new entries.

Answer:
```swift
protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Int]
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrder[key]?? 0
                accessOrder[key] += 1
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            accessOrder[key] = accessOrder[key]?? 0
            accessOrder[key] += 1
            
            if cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.reduce(nil) { (result, element) -> Key? in
                    guard let key = element.key else {
                        return result
                    }
                    return result?? key
                }
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey!)
            }
        }
    }
}
```

protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Element]
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = value
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            accessOrder[key] = newValue
            
            if cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.first
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
            }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic in-memory cache that follows to the LRU (Least Recently Used) eviction policy.
The cache should have a specified capacity limit, and when this limit is reached, it should remove the least recently used item to make space for new entries.

Answer:
```swift
protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Element]
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = value
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            accessOrder[key] = newValue
            
            if cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.first
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
            }
        }
    }
}
```

protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Key]
    private var accessOrderIndex: Int

    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
        self.accessOrderIndex = 0
    }

    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
                accessOrderIndex += 1
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            if let index = accessOrder[key] {
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: key)
                accessOrder.insert(key, at: index)
            } else {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
                accessOrderIndex += 1
            }
            while cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.first!
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
            }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic in-memory cache that follows to the LRU (Least Recently Used) eviction policy.
The cache should have a specified capacity limit, and when this limit is reached, it should remove the least recently used item to make space for new entries.

Answer:
```swift
protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Key]
    private var accessOrderIndex: Int

    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
        self.accessOrderIndex = 0
    }

    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
                accessOrderIndex += 1
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            if let index = accessOrder[key] {
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: key)
                accessOrder.insert(key, at: index)
            } else {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
                accessOrderIndex += 1
            }
            while cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.first!
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
            }
        }
    }
}
```

protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Key]
    private var accessOrderIndex: Int
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
        self.accessOrderIndex = 0
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
                accessOrderIndex += 1
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            if let index = accessOrder[key] {
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: key)
                accessOrder.insert(key, at: index)
            } else {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
                accessOrderIndex += 1
            }
            while cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.first!
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
            }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic in-memory cache that follows to the LRU (Least Recently Used) eviction policy.
The cache should have a specified capacity limit, and when this limit is reached, it should remove the least recently used item to make space for new entries.

Answer:
```swift
protocol CacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Element
    init(capacity: Int)
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? { get set }
}

class Cache<Key: Hashable, Element>: CacheProtocol {
    private let capacity: Int
    private var cache: [Key: Element]
    private var accessOrder: [Key: Key]
    private var accessOrderIndex: Int
    
    init(capacity: Int) {
        self.capacity = capacity
        self.cache = [:]
        self.accessOrder = [:]
        self.accessOrderIndex = 0
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Element? {
        get {
            if let value = cache[key] {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
                accessOrderIndex += 1
                return value
            }
            return nil
        }
        set {
            cache[key] = newValue
            if let index = accessOrder[key] {
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: key)
                accessOrder.insert(key, at: index)
            } else {
                accessOrder[key] = accessOrderIndex
                accessOrderIndex += 1
            }
            while cache.count > capacity {
                let leastRecentlyUsedKey = accessOrder.keys.first!
                cache.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
                accessOrder.removeValue(forKey: leastRecentlyUsedKey)
            }
        }
    }
}
```

protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache: [Key: Value]
    private let expiration: TimeInterval
    
    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
        self.cache = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Value? {
        get(key: key)
    }
    
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }
    
    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        if let value = cache[key] {
            return value
        } else {
            return nil
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Caching mechanism with expiration eviction policy.
Subscript methods used for convenient access.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache: [Key: Value]
    private let expiration: TimeInterval
    
    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
        self.cache = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Value? {
        get(key: key)
    }
    
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }
    
    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        if let value = cache[key] {
            return value
        } else {
            return nil
        }
    }
}
```

protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private let cache: [Key: Value]
    private let expiration: TimeInterval
    
    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
        self.cache = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Value? {
        get(key: key)
    }
    
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }
    
    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        guard let value = cache[key] else {
            return nil
        }
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Caching mechanism with expiration eviction policy.
Subscript methods used for convenient access.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private let cache: [Key: Value]
    private let expiration: TimeInterval
    
    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
        self.cache = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Value? {
        get(key: key)
    }
    
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }
    
    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        guard let value = cache[key] else {
            return nil
        }
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache: [Key: Value] = [:]
    private var expiration: TimeInterval
    
    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
    }
    
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }
    
    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        cache[key]
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Caching mechanism with expiration eviction policy.
Subscript methods used for convenient access.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache: [Key: Value] = [:]
    private var expiration: TimeInterval
    
    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
    }
    
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }
    
    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        cache[key]
    }
}
```

protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache: [Key: Value]
    private let expiration: TimeInterval

    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
        self.cache = [:]
    }

    subscript(key: Key) -> Value? {
        get(key: key)
    }

    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }

    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        if let value = cache[key] {
            return value
        } else {
            return nil
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Caching mechanism with expiration eviction policy.
Subscript methods used for convenient access.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache: [Key: Value]
    private let expiration: TimeInterval

    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
        self.cache = [:]
    }

    subscript(key: Key) -> Value? {
        get(key: key)
    }

    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }

    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        if let value = cache[key] {
            return value
        } else {
            return nil
        }
    }
}
```

protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache: [Key: Value]
    private let expiration: TimeInterval
    
    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
        self.cache = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Value? {
        get(key: key)
    }
    
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }
    
    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        if let value = cache[key] {
            return value
        }
        return nil
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Caching mechanism with expiration eviction policy.
Subscript methods used for convenient access.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache: [Key: Value]
    private let expiration: TimeInterval
    
    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
        self.cache = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Value? {
        get(key: key)
    }
    
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }
    
    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        if let value = cache[key] {
            return value
        }
        return nil
    }
}
```

protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache = [Key: Value]()
    private let expiration: TimeInterval
    
    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
    }
    
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }
    
    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        guard let value = cache[key] else {
            return nil
        }
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Caching mechanism with expiration eviction policy.
Subscript methods used for convenient access.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache = [Key: Value]()
    private let expiration: TimeInterval
    
    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
    }
    
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }
    
    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        guard let value = cache[key] else {
            return nil
        }
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache: [Key: Value]
    private let expiration: TimeInterval
    
    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
        self.cache = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Value? {
        get(key: key)
    }
    
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }
    
    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        guard let value = cache[key] else {
            return nil
        }
        
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Caching mechanism with expiration eviction policy.
Subscript methods used for convenient access.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache: [Key: Value]
    private let expiration: TimeInterval
    
    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
        self.cache = [:]
    }
    
    subscript(key: Key) -> Value? {
        get(key: key)
    }
    
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }
    
    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        guard let value = cache[key] else {
            return nil
        }
        
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache: [Key: Value] = [:]
    private let expiration: TimeInterval

    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
    }

    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }

    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        cache[key]
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Caching mechanism with expiration eviction policy.
Subscript methods used for convenient access.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache: [Key: Value] = [:]
    private let expiration: TimeInterval

    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
    }

    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }

    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        cache[key]
    }
}
```

protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache = [Key: Value]()
    private let expiration: TimeInterval
    
    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
    }
    
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }
    
    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        cache[key]
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Caching mechanism with expiration eviction policy.
Subscript methods used for convenient access.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private var cache = [Key: Value]()
    private let expiration: TimeInterval
    
    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
    }
    
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }
    
    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        cache[key]
    }
}
```

protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private let cache: [Key: Value]
    private let expiration: TimeInterval

    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
        self.cache = [:]
    }

    subscript(key: Key) -> Value? {
        get(key: key)
    }

    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }

    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        cache[key]
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Caching mechanism with expiration eviction policy.
Subscript methods used for convenient access.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    associatedtype Key: Hashable
    associatedtype Value
    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval)
    func get(key: Key) -> Value?
}

class ExpirableCache<Key: Hashable, Value>: ExpirableCacheProtocol {
    private let cache: [Key: Value]
    private let expiration: TimeInterval

    init(expiration: TimeInterval) {
        self.expiration = expiration
        self.cache = [:]
    }

    subscript(key: Key) -> Value? {
        get(key: key)
    }

    func put(value: Value, key: Key, expiration: TimeInterval) {
        cache[key] = value
        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: expiration, repeats: false) { timer in
            self.cache.removeValue(forKey: key)
        }
    }

    func get(key: Key) -> Value? {
        cache[key]
    }
}
```

protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedByte)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedByte)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple XOR encryptor and decryptor that converts plain text into encrypted text by applying the binary 'Exclusive OR' operator implemented according to the protocol.

Answer:
```swift
protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedByte)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedByte)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}
```

protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedByte)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedByte)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple XOR encryptor and decryptor that converts plain text into encrypted text by applying the binary 'Exclusive OR' operator implemented according to the protocol.

Answer:
```swift
protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedByte)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedByte)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}
```

protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        let stringData = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, char) in stringData.enumerated() {
            let encryptedChar = char.xor(keyData[index % keyData.count])
            encryptedData.append(encryptedChar)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var decryptedString = ""
        
        for char in data {
            let decryptedChar = char.xor(keyData[decryptedString.count % keyData.count])
            decryptedString.append(String(decryptedChar))
        }
        
        return decryptedString
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple XOR encryptor and decryptor that converts plain text into encrypted text by applying the binary 'Exclusive OR' operator implemented according to the protocol.

Answer:
```swift
protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        let stringData = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, char) in stringData.enumerated() {
            let encryptedChar = char.xor(keyData[index % keyData.count])
            encryptedData.append(encryptedChar)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var decryptedString = ""
        
        for char in data {
            let decryptedChar = char.xor(keyData[decryptedString.count % keyData.count])
            decryptedString.append(String(decryptedChar))
        }
        
        return decryptedString
    }
}
```

protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedValue)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedValue)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple XOR encryptor and decryptor that converts plain text into encrypted text by applying the binary 'Exclusive OR' operator implemented according to the protocol.

Answer:
```swift
protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedValue)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedValue)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}
```

protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedByte)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedByte)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple XOR encryptor and decryptor that converts plain text into encrypted text by applying the binary 'Exclusive OR' operator implemented according to the protocol.

Answer:
```swift
protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedByte)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedByte)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}
```

protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedByte)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedByte)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple XOR encryptor and decryptor that converts plain text into encrypted text by applying the binary 'Exclusive OR' operator implemented according to the protocol.

Answer:
```swift
protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedByte)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedByte)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}
```

protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedValue)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedValue)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple XOR encryptor and decryptor that converts plain text into encrypted text by applying the binary 'Exclusive OR' operator implemented according to the protocol.

Answer:
```swift
protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedValue)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedValue)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}
```

protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedValue)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedValue)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple XOR encryptor and decryptor that converts plain text into encrypted text by applying the binary 'Exclusive OR' operator implemented according to the protocol.

Answer:
```swift
protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedValue)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedValue)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}
```

protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedByte)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedByte)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple XOR encryptor and decryptor that converts plain text into encrypted text by applying the binary 'Exclusive OR' operator implemented according to the protocol.

Answer:
```swift
protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedByte)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, byte) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedByte = byte ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedByte)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}
```

protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedValue)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedValue)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Simple XOR encryptor and decryptor that converts plain text into encrypted text by applying the binary 'Exclusive OR' operator implemented according to the protocol.

Answer:
```swift
protocol EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String
}

class Encryptor: EncryptorProtocol {
    func encrypt(_ string: String, _ key: String) -> Data {
        let data = string.data(using:.utf8)!
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var encryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let encryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            encryptedData.append(encryptedValue)
        }
        
        return encryptedData
    }
    
    func decrypt(_ data: Data, _ key: String) -> String {
        let keyData = key.data(using:.utf8)!
        var decryptedData = Data()
        
        for (index, value) in data.enumerated() {
            let decryptedValue = value ^ keyData[index % keyData.count]
            decryptedData.append(decryptedValue)
        }
        
        return String(data: decryptedData, encoding:.utf8)!
    }
}
```

protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: TimeInterval = 0

    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
    }

    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date().timeIntervalSince1970
        let timeSinceLastRequest = currentTime - lastRequestTime
        let canMakeRequest = timeSinceLastRequest >= timeInterval
        if canMakeRequest {
            lastRequestTime = currentTime
        }
        return canMakeRequest && requestCount < maxRequests
    }

    private var requestCount: Int {
        // Count the number of requests made within the time interval
        // Implement the logic to count the requests
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Rate limiter that controls the rate of actions.
Consists with a maximum number of requests and a time interval, and includes a method to determine if a new request can be made within the defined limits.

Answer:
```swift
protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: TimeInterval = 0

    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
    }

    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date().timeIntervalSince1970
        let timeSinceLastRequest = currentTime - lastRequestTime
        let canMakeRequest = timeSinceLastRequest >= timeInterval
        if canMakeRequest {
            lastRequestTime = currentTime
        }
        return canMakeRequest && requestCount < maxRequests
    }

    private var requestCount: Int {
        // Count the number of requests made within the time interval
        // Implement the logic to count the requests
    }
}
```

protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeIntervalSinceLastRequest = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeIntervalSinceLastRequest < timeInterval {
            return false
        }
        
        lastRequestTime = currentTime
        return true
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Rate limiter that controls the rate of actions.
Consists with a maximum number of requests and a time interval, and includes a method to determine if a new request can be made within the defined limits.

Answer:
```swift
protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeIntervalSinceLastRequest = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeIntervalSinceLastRequest < timeInterval {
            return false
        }
        
        lastRequestTime = currentTime
        return true
    }
}
```

protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeDifference = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeDifference >= timeInterval {
            lastRequestTime = currentTime
            return true
        } else {
            return false
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Rate limiter that controls the rate of actions.
Consists with a maximum number of requests and a time interval, and includes a method to determine if a new request can be made within the defined limits.

Answer:
```swift
protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeDifference = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeDifference >= timeInterval {
            lastRequestTime = currentTime
            return true
        } else {
            return false
        }
    }
}
```

protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeIntervalSinceLastRequest = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeIntervalSinceLastRequest < timeInterval {
            return false
        }
        
        lastRequestTime = currentTime
        return true
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Rate limiter that controls the rate of actions.
Consists with a maximum number of requests and a time interval, and includes a method to determine if a new request can be made within the defined limits.

Answer:
```swift
protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeIntervalSinceLastRequest = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeIntervalSinceLastRequest < timeInterval {
            return false
        }
        
        lastRequestTime = currentTime
        return true
    }
}
```

protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeIntervalSinceLastRequest = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeIntervalSinceLastRequest < timeInterval {
            return false
        }
        
        lastRequestTime = currentTime
        return true
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Rate limiter that controls the rate of actions.
Consists with a maximum number of requests and a time interval, and includes a method to determine if a new request can be made within the defined limits.

Answer:
```swift
protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeIntervalSinceLastRequest = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeIntervalSinceLastRequest < timeInterval {
            return false
        }
        
        lastRequestTime = currentTime
        return true
    }
}
```

protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeIntervalSinceLastRequest = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeIntervalSinceLastRequest < timeInterval {
            return false
        }
        
        lastRequestTime = currentTime
        return true
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Rate limiter that controls the rate of actions.
Consists with a maximum number of requests and a time interval, and includes a method to determine if a new request can be made within the defined limits.

Answer:
```swift
protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeIntervalSinceLastRequest = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeIntervalSinceLastRequest < timeInterval {
            return false
        }
        
        lastRequestTime = currentTime
        return true
    }
}
```

protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeIntervalSinceLastRequest = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeIntervalSinceLastRequest < timeInterval {
            return false
        }
        
        lastRequestTime = currentTime
        return true
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Rate limiter that controls the rate of actions.
Consists with a maximum number of requests and a time interval, and includes a method to determine if a new request can be made within the defined limits.

Answer:
```swift
protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeIntervalSinceLastRequest = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeIntervalSinceLastRequest < timeInterval {
            return false
        }
        
        lastRequestTime = currentTime
        return true
    }
}
```

protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeIntervalSinceLastRequest = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeIntervalSinceLastRequest < timeInterval {
            return false
        }
        
        lastRequestTime = currentTime
        return true
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Rate limiter that controls the rate of actions.
Consists with a maximum number of requests and a time interval, and includes a method to determine if a new request can be made within the defined limits.

Answer:
```swift
protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeIntervalSinceLastRequest = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeIntervalSinceLastRequest < timeInterval {
            return false
        }
        
        lastRequestTime = currentTime
        return true
    }
}
```

protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeDifference = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeDifference >= timeInterval {
            lastRequestTime = currentTime
            return true
        } else {
            return false
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Rate limiter that controls the rate of actions.
Consists with a maximum number of requests and a time interval, and includes a method to determine if a new request can be made within the defined limits.

Answer:
```swift
protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: Date
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
        self.lastRequestTime = Date()
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date()
        let timeDifference = currentTime.timeIntervalSince(lastRequestTime)
        
        if timeDifference >= timeInterval {
            lastRequestTime = currentTime
            return true
        } else {
            return false
        }
    }
}
```

protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: TimeInterval = 0
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date().timeIntervalSince1970
        let timeSinceLastRequest = currentTime - lastRequestTime
        
        if timeSinceLastRequest < timeInterval {
            return false
        }
        
        lastRequestTime = currentTime
        return true
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Rate limiter that controls the rate of actions.
Consists with a maximum number of requests and a time interval, and includes a method to determine if a new request can be made within the defined limits.

Answer:
```swift
protocol RateLimiterProtocol {
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval)
    func allowRequest() -> Bool
}

class RateLimiter: RateLimiterProtocol {
    private let maxRequests: Int
    private let timeInterval: TimeInterval
    private var lastRequestTime: TimeInterval = 0
    
    init(maxRequests: Int, timeInterval: TimeInterval) {
        self.maxRequests = maxRequests
        self.timeInterval = timeInterval
    }
    
    func allowRequest() -> Bool {
        let currentTime = Date().timeIntervalSince1970
        let timeSinceLastRequest = currentTime - lastRequestTime
        
        if timeSinceLastRequest < timeInterval {
            return false
        }
        
        lastRequestTime = currentTime
        return true
    }
}
```

protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int
    
    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        value += 1
    }
    
    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Basic number counter with possibility to increment counter and access current value.
Thread-safe for read and write operations.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int
    
    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        value += 1
    }
    
    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int

    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        value += 1
    }

    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Basic number counter with possibility to increment counter and access current value.
Thread-safe for read and write operations.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int

    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        value += 1
    }

    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int
    
    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        value += 1
    }
    
    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Basic number counter with possibility to increment counter and access current value.
Thread-safe for read and write operations.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int
    
    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        value += 1
    }
    
    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int

    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        value += 1
    }

    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Basic number counter with possibility to increment counter and access current value.
Thread-safe for read and write operations.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int

    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        value += 1
    }

    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int

    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        value += 1
    }

    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Basic number counter with possibility to increment counter and access current value.
Thread-safe for read and write operations.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int

    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        value += 1
    }

    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int

    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        value += 1
    }

    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Basic number counter with possibility to increment counter and access current value.
Thread-safe for read and write operations.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int

    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        value += 1
    }

    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int
    
    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        value += 1
    }
    
    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Basic number counter with possibility to increment counter and access current value.
Thread-safe for read and write operations.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int
    
    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        value += 1
    }
    
    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int
    
    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        value += 1
    }
    
    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Basic number counter with possibility to increment counter and access current value.
Thread-safe for read and write operations.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int
    
    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        value += 1
    }
    
    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int

    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        value += 1
    }

    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Basic number counter with possibility to increment counter and access current value.
Thread-safe for read and write operations.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int

    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        value += 1
    }

    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer {
            lock.unlock()
        }
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int

    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        value += 1
    }

    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Basic number counter with possibility to increment counter and access current value.
Thread-safe for read and write operations.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    init(value: Int)
    func increment()
    func currentValue() -> Int
}

class ThreadSafeCounter: ThreadSafeCounterProtocol {
    private let lock = NSRecursiveLock()
    private var value: Int

    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func increment() {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        value += 1
    }

    func currentValue() -> Int {
        lock.lock()
        defer { lock.unlock() }
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    private let initialValue: Output
    private var transformations: [(_ value: Output) -> Output] = []

    init(value: Output) {
        self.initialValue = value
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        let newPipeline = Pipeline(value: transform(initialValue))
        transformations.append(transform)
        return newPipeline
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        var value = initialValue
        for transform in transformations {
            value = transform(value)
        }
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Functional pipeline builder class conforming to a protocol, allowing chaining transformations with type changes. 
Ensure the final output is produced by sequentially applying transformations starting from an initial value.

Answer:
```swift
protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    private let initialValue: Output
    private var transformations: [(_ value: Output) -> Output] = []

    init(value: Output) {
        self.initialValue = value
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        let newPipeline = Pipeline(value: transform(initialValue))
        transformations.append(transform)
        return newPipeline
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        var value = initialValue
        for transform in transformations {
            value = transform(value)
        }
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    private let initialValue: Output
    private var transformations: [((Output) -> Output)] = []

    init(value: Output) {
        initialValue = value
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        let newPipeline = Pipeline(value: transform(initialValue))
        transformations.append(transform)
        return newPipeline
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        var result = initialValue
        for transform in transformations {
            result = transform(result)
        }
        return result
    }
}

extension PipelineProtocol {
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: transform(self.execute())).pipe(transform)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Functional pipeline builder class conforming to a protocol, allowing chaining transformations with type changes. 
Ensure the final output is produced by sequentially applying transformations starting from an initial value.

Answer:
```swift
protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    private let initialValue: Output
    private var transformations: [((Output) -> Output)] = []

    init(value: Output) {
        initialValue = value
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        let newPipeline = Pipeline(value: transform(initialValue))
        transformations.append(transform)
        return newPipeline
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        var result = initialValue
        for transform in transformations {
            result = transform(result)
        }
        return result
    }
}

extension PipelineProtocol {
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: transform(self.execute())).pipe(transform)
    }
}
```

protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    private let initialValue: Output
    private var transformations: [((Output) -> Output)] = []

    init(value: Output) {
        initialValue = value
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        let newPipeline = Pipeline(value: transform(initialValue))
        transformations.append(transform)
        return newPipeline
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        var currentValue = initialValue
        for transform in transformations {
            currentValue = transform(currentValue)
        }
        return currentValue
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Functional pipeline builder class conforming to a protocol, allowing chaining transformations with type changes. 
Ensure the final output is produced by sequentially applying transformations starting from an initial value.

Answer:
```swift
protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    private let initialValue: Output
    private var transformations: [((Output) -> Output)] = []

    init(value: Output) {
        initialValue = value
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        let newPipeline = Pipeline(value: transform(initialValue))
        transformations.append(transform)
        return newPipeline
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        var currentValue = initialValue
        for transform in transformations {
            currentValue = transform(currentValue)
        }
        return currentValue
    }
}
```

protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    private let initialValue: Output
    private var transformations: [((Output) -> Output)] = []

    init(value: Output) {
        initialValue = value
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        let newPipeline = Pipeline(value: transform(initialValue))
        transformations.append(transform)
        return newPipeline
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        var value = initialValue
        for transform in transformations {
            value = transform(value)
        }
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Functional pipeline builder class conforming to a protocol, allowing chaining transformations with type changes. 
Ensure the final output is produced by sequentially applying transformations starting from an initial value.

Answer:
```swift
protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    private let initialValue: Output
    private var transformations: [((Output) -> Output)] = []

    init(value: Output) {
        initialValue = value
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        let newPipeline = Pipeline(value: transform(initialValue))
        transformations.append(transform)
        return newPipeline
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        var value = initialValue
        for transform in transformations {
            value = transform(value)
        }
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    private let initialValue: Output
    private var transformations: [(_ value: Output) -> Output] = []

    init(value: Output) {
        self.initialValue = value
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        let newPipeline = Pipeline(value: transform(initialValue))
        transformations.append(transform)
        return newPipeline
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        var value = initialValue
        for transform in transformations {
            value = transform(value)
        }
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Functional pipeline builder class conforming to a protocol, allowing chaining transformations with type changes. 
Ensure the final output is produced by sequentially applying transformations starting from an initial value.

Answer:
```swift
protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    private let initialValue: Output
    private var transformations: [(_ value: Output) -> Output] = []

    init(value: Output) {
        self.initialValue = value
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        let newPipeline = Pipeline(value: transform(initialValue))
        transformations.append(transform)
        return newPipeline
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        var value = initialValue
        for transform in transformations {
            value = transform(value)
        }
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    private let initialValue: Output
    private var transformations: [((Output) -> Output)] = []

    init(value: Output) {
        initialValue = value
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        let newPipeline = Pipeline(value: transform(initialValue))
        transformations.append(transform)
        return newPipeline
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        var value = initialValue
        for transform in transformations {
            value = transform(value)
        }
        return value
    }
}

extension PipelineProtocol {
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: transform(self.execute()))
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Functional pipeline builder class conforming to a protocol, allowing chaining transformations with type changes. 
Ensure the final output is produced by sequentially applying transformations starting from an initial value.

Answer:
```swift
protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    private let initialValue: Output
    private var transformations: [((Output) -> Output)] = []

    init(value: Output) {
        initialValue = value
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        let newPipeline = Pipeline(value: transform(initialValue))
        transformations.append(transform)
        return newPipeline
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        var value = initialValue
        for transform in transformations {
            value = transform(value)
        }
        return value
    }
}

extension PipelineProtocol {
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: transform(self.execute()))
    }
}
```

protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    let value: Output
    init(value: Output) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: transform(value))
    }
    
    func execute() -> Output {
        return value
    }
}

extension PipelineProtocol {
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: transform(value))
    }
    
    func execute() -> Output {
        return value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Functional pipeline builder class conforming to a protocol, allowing chaining transformations with type changes. 
Ensure the final output is produced by sequentially applying transformations starting from an initial value.

Answer:
```swift
protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    let value: Output
    init(value: Output) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: transform(value))
    }
    
    func execute() -> Output {
        return value
    }
}

extension PipelineProtocol {
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: transform(value))
    }
    
    func execute() -> Output {
        return value
    }
}
```

protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    let value: Output
    init(value: Output) {
        self.value = value
    }
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: transform(value))
    }
    func execute() -> Output {
        return value
    }
}

extension PipelineProtocol {
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: transform(value))
    }
}

extension Pipeline where Output == Int {
    func double() -> Pipeline<Int> {
        return pipe { $0 * 2 }
    }
    func add(value: Int) -> Pipeline<Int> {
        return pipe { $0 + value }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Functional pipeline builder class conforming to a protocol, allowing chaining transformations with type changes. 
Ensure the final output is produced by sequentially applying transformations starting from an initial value.

Answer:
```swift
protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    let value: Output
    init(value: Output) {
        self.value = value
    }
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: transform(value))
    }
    func execute() -> Output {
        return value
    }
}

extension PipelineProtocol {
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: transform(value))
    }
}

extension Pipeline where Output == Int {
    func double() -> Pipeline<Int> {
        return pipe { $0 * 2 }
    }
    func add(value: Int) -> Pipeline<Int> {
        return pipe { $0 + value }
    }
}

let pipeline = Pipeline(value: 5)
   .double()
   .add(value: 10)

print(pipeline.execute()) // 110
```

protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    private let value: Output
    private var next: PipelineProtocol?

    init(value: Output) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        let nextPipeline = Pipeline(value: transform(value))
        nextPipeline.next = self
        return nextPipeline
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        return next?.execute()?? value
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Functional pipeline builder class conforming to a protocol, allowing chaining transformations with type changes. 
Ensure the final output is produced by sequentially applying transformations starting from an initial value.

Answer:
```swift
protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    private let value: Output
    private var next: PipelineProtocol?

    init(value: Output) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        let nextPipeline = Pipeline(value: transform(value))
        nextPipeline.next = self
        return nextPipeline
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        return next?.execute()?? value
    }
}
```

protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    let value: Output
    let transform: (Output) -> Output

    init(value: Output, transform: @escaping (Output) -> Output) {
        self.value = value
        self.transform = transform
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: transform(value), transform: transform)
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        return transform(value)
    }
}

extension PipelineProtocol {
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: self.execute(), transform: transform)
    }
}

extension Int: PipelineProtocol {
    typealias Output = Int

    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func execute() -> Int {
        return value
    }
}

extension Double: PipelineProtocol {
    typealias Output = Double

    init(value: Double) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func execute() -> Double {
        return value
    }
}

extension String: PipelineProtocol {
    typealias Output = String

    init(value: String) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func execute() -> String {
        return value
    }
}

extension PipelineProtocol {
    static func >> <U>(lhs: PipelineProtocol, rhs: @escaping (PipelineProtocol.Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return lhs.pipe(rhs)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Functional pipeline builder class conforming to a protocol, allowing chaining transformations with type changes. 
Ensure the final output is produced by sequentially applying transformations starting from an initial value.

Answer:
```swift
protocol PipelineProtocol {
    associatedtype Output
    init(value: Output)
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U>
    func execute() -> Output
}

class Pipeline<Output> {
    let value: Output
    let transform: (Output) -> Output

    init(value: Output, transform: @escaping (Output) -> Output) {
        self.value = value
        self.transform = transform
    }

    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: transform(value), transform: transform)
    }

    func execute() -> Output {
        return transform(value)
    }
}

extension PipelineProtocol {
    func pipe<U>(_ transform: @escaping (Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return Pipeline(value: self.execute(), transform: transform)
    }
}

extension Int: PipelineProtocol {
    typealias Output = Int

    init(value: Int) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func execute() -> Int {
        return value
    }
}

extension Double: PipelineProtocol {
    typealias Output = Double

    init(value: Double) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func execute() -> Double {
        return value
    }
}

extension String: PipelineProtocol {
    typealias Output = String

    init(value: String) {
        self.value = value
    }

    func execute() -> String {
        return value
    }
}

extension PipelineProtocol {
    static func >> <U>(lhs: PipelineProtocol, rhs: @escaping (PipelineProtocol.Output) -> U) -> Pipeline<U> {
        return lhs.pipe(rhs)
    }
}

let intPipeline = 1 >> String.init
let doublePipeline = 1.0 >> String.init
let stringPipeline = "hello" >> Int.init

print(intPipeline.execute()) // Output: 1
print(doublePipeline.execute()) // Output: "1"
print(stringPipeline.execute()) // Output: 1
```

protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            for (_, observer) in observers {
                observer(newValue)
            }
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic observable property that notifies observers of value changes.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            for (_, observer) in observers {
                observer(newValue)
            }
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }
}
```

protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            observers.values.forEach { $0(value) }
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic observable property that notifies observers of value changes.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            observers.values.forEach { $0(value) }
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }
}
```

protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()
    
    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    var value: Value {
        get {
            return self.value
        }
        set {
            self.value = newValue
            self.notifyObservers()
        }
    }
    
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        self.observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }
    
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        self.observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }
    
    private func notifyObservers() {
        for (_, observer) in self.observers {
            observer(self.value)
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic observable property that notifies observers of value changes.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()
    
    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    var value: Value {
        get {
            return self.value
        }
        set {
            self.value = newValue
            self.notifyObservers()
        }
    }
    
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        self.observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }
    
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        self.observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }
    
    private func notifyObservers() {
        for (_, observer) in self.observers {
            observer(self.value)
        }
    }
}
```

protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()
    
    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            for (_, observer) in observers {
                observer(newValue)
            }
        }
    }
    
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }
    
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic observable property that notifies observers of value changes.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()
    
    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            for (_, observer) in observers {
                observer(newValue)
            }
        }
    }
    
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }
    
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }
}
```

protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()
    private var value: Value

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            notifyObservers()
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }

    private func notifyObservers() {
        for (_, observer) in observers {
            observer(value)
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic observable property that notifies observers of value changes.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()
    private var value: Value

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            notifyObservers()
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }

    private func notifyObservers() {
        for (_, observer) in observers {
            observer(value)
        }
    }
}
```

protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return self.value
        }
        set {
            self.value = newValue
            self.notifyObservers()
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let observerID = UUID()
        self.observers[observerID] = observer
        return observerID
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observerID: UUID) {
        self.observers.removeValue(forKey: observerID)
    }

    private func notifyObservers() {
        for (_, observer) in self.observers {
            observer(self.value)
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic observable property that notifies observers of value changes.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return self.value
        }
        set {
            self.value = newValue
            self.notifyObservers()
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let observerID = UUID()
        self.observers[observerID] = observer
        return observerID
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observerID: UUID) {
        self.observers.removeValue(forKey: observerID)
    }

    private func notifyObservers() {
        for (_, observer) in self.observers {
            observer(self.value)
        }
    }
}
```

protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            for (_, observer) in observers {
                observer(newValue)
            }
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic observable property that notifies observers of value changes.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            for (_, observer) in observers {
                observer(newValue)
            }
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }
}
```

protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            for (_, observer) in observers {
                observer(newValue)
            }
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers[observer] = nil
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic observable property that notifies observers of value changes.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            for (_, observer) in observers {
                observer(newValue)
            }
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers[observer] = nil
    }
}
```

protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            for (_, observer) in observers {
                observer(newValue)
            }
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic observable property that notifies observers of value changes.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            for (_, observer) in observers {
                observer(newValue)
            }
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }
}
```

protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            observers.values.forEach { $0(value) }
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Generic observable property that notifies observers of value changes.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ObservablePropertyProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(value: Value)
    var value: Value { get set }
    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID
    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID)
}

class ObservableProperty<Value> {
    private var value: Value
    private var observers = [UUID: (Value) -> Void]()

    init(value: Value) {
        self.value = value
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            return value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
            observers.values.forEach { $0(value) }
        }
    }

    func subscribe(_ observer: @escaping (Value) -> Void) -> UUID {
        let uuid = UUID()
        observers[uuid] = observer
        return uuid
    }

    func unsubscribe(_ observer: UUID) {
        observers.removeValue(forKey: observer)
    }
}
```

protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }
}

extension ClosedRange where Bound: Comparable {
    func clamped(to range: Self) -> Bound {
        return min(max(wrappedValue, range.lowerBound), range.upperBound)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that clamps value within a specified range.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }
}

extension ClosedRange where Bound: Comparable {
    func clamped(to range: Self) -> Bound {
        return min(max(wrappedValue, range.lowerBound), range.upperBound)
    }
}
```

protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }
}

extension ClosedRange where Bound: Comparable {
    func clamped(to other: ClosedRange<Bound>) -> ClosedRange<Bound> {
        return min(max(self.lowerBound, other.lowerBound), other.upperBound)..<max(self.upperBound, other.upperBound)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that clamps value within a specified range.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }
}

extension ClosedRange where Bound: Comparable {
    func clamped(to other: ClosedRange<Bound>) -> ClosedRange<Bound> {
        return min(max(self.lowerBound, other.lowerBound), other.upperBound)..<max(self.upperBound, other.upperBound)
    }
}
```

protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }
}

extension ClosedRange where Bound: Comparable {
    func clamped(to other: ClosedRange<Bound>) -> ClosedRange<Bound> {
        return min(max(self.lowerBound, other.lowerBound), other.upperBound)..<max(self.upperBound, other.upperBound)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that clamps value within a specified range.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }
}

extension ClosedRange where Bound: Comparable {
    func clamped(to other: ClosedRange<Bound>) -> ClosedRange<Bound> {
        return min(max(self.lowerBound, other.lowerBound), other.upperBound)..<max(self.upperBound, other.upperBound)
    }
}
```

protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }
}

extension ClosedRange where Bound: Comparable {
    func clamped(to other: ClosedRange<Bound>) -> ClosedRange<Bound> {
        return other.contains(self.lowerBound)?
            (self.lowerBound < other.lowerBound? other.lowerBound : self.lowerBound)..<
            (self.upperBound > other.upperBound? other.upperBound : self.upperBound) :
            self
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that clamps value within a specified range.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }
}

extension ClosedRange where Bound: Comparable {
    func clamped(to other: ClosedRange<Bound>) -> ClosedRange<Bound> {
        return other.contains(self.lowerBound)?
            (self.lowerBound < other.lowerBound? other.lowerBound : self.lowerBound)..<
            (self.upperBound > other.upperBound? other.upperBound : self.upperBound) :
            self
    }
}
```

protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }
}

extension ClosedRange where Bound: Comparable {
    func clamped(to other: ClosedRange<Bound>) -> ClosedRange<Bound> {
        return min(max(self.lowerBound, other.lowerBound), other.upperBound)..<max(self.upperBound, other.upperBound)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that clamps value within a specified range.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }
}

extension ClosedRange where Bound: Comparable {
    func clamped(to other: ClosedRange<Bound>) -> ClosedRange<Bound> {
        return min(max(self.lowerBound, other.lowerBound), other.upperBound)..<max(self.upperBound, other.upperBound)
    }
}
```

protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }
}

extension ClosedRange where Bound: Comparable {
    func clamped(to other: Self) -> Bound {
        return min(max(self.lowerBound, other.lowerBound), other.upperBound)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that clamps value within a specified range.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }
}

extension ClosedRange where Bound: Comparable {
    func clamped(to other: Self) -> Bound {
        return min(max(self.lowerBound, other.lowerBound), other.upperBound)
    }
}
```

protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    private let wrappedValue: Value
    private let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var wrappedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        nonmutating set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }

    func clamped(to range: ClosedRange<Value>) -> Value {
        return min(max(wrappedValue, range.lowerBound), range.upperBound)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that clamps value within a specified range.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    private let wrappedValue: Value
    private let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var wrappedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        nonmutating set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }

    func clamped(to range: ClosedRange<Value>) -> Value {
        return min(max(wrappedValue, range.lowerBound), range.upperBound)
    }
}
```

protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }
}

extension ClosedRange where Bound: Comparable {
    func clamped(to other: ClosedRange<Bound>) -> ClosedRange<Bound> {
        return min(max(self.lowerBound, other.lowerBound), other.upperBound)..<max(self.upperBound, other.upperBound)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that clamps value within a specified range.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }
}

extension ClosedRange where Bound: Comparable {
    func clamped(to other: ClosedRange<Bound>) -> ClosedRange<Bound> {
        return min(max(self.lowerBound, other.lowerBound), other.upperBound)..<max(self.upperBound, other.upperBound)
    }
}
```

protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }

    func clamped(to range: ClosedRange<Value>) -> Value {
        return min(max(wrappedValue, range.lowerBound), range.upperBound)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that clamps value within a specified range.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = newValue.clamped(to: range)
        }
    }

    func clamped(to range: ClosedRange<Value>) -> Value {
        return min(max(wrappedValue, range.lowerBound), range.upperBound)
    }
}
```

protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    private let wrappedValue: Value
    private let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var wrappedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = min(max(newValue, range.lowerBound), range.upperBound)
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that clamps value within a specified range.

Answer:
```swift
protocol ClampedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value: Comparable
    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Clamped<Value: Comparable>: ClampedProtocol {
    private let wrappedValue: Value
    private let range: ClosedRange<Value>

    init(wrappedValue: Value, _ range: ClosedRange<Value>) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.range = range
    }

    var wrappedValue: Value {
        get {
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            wrappedValue = min(max(newValue, range.lowerBound), range.upperBound)
        }
    }
}
```

enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("(event) \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that logs access and modification of the wrapped property.

Answer:
```swift
enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("(event) \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int
}

let myStruct = MyStruct()
myStruct.myProperty = 10
```

enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var wrappedValue: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("(event) \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that logs access and modification of the wrapped property.

Answer:
```swift
enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var wrappedValue: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("(event) \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int
}

var myStruct = MyStruct()
myStruct.myProperty = 10
myStruct.myProperty += 10
```

enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct Example {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("(event) \(value)")
    })
    var someProperty: Int = 0
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that logs access and modification of the wrapped property.

Answer:
```swift
enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct Example {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("(event) \(value)")
    })
    var someProperty: Int = 0
}

let example = Example()
example.someProperty = 10
example.someProperty += 5
```

enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct Example {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("(event.rawValue): \(value)")
    })
    var someProperty: Int = 0
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that logs access and modification of the wrapped property.

Answer:
```swift
enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var value: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct Example {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("(event.rawValue): \(value)")
    })
    var someProperty: Int = 0
}

let example = Example()
example.someProperty = 10
example.someProperty += 10
```

enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var wrappedValue: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("(event) \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that logs access and modification of the wrapped property.

Answer:
```swift
enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var wrappedValue: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("(event) \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int
}

let myStruct = MyStruct()
myStruct.myProperty = 10
```

enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    private let wrappedValue: Value
    private let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var wrappedValue: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("Event: \(event.rawValue), Value: \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that logs access and modification of the wrapped property.

Answer:
```swift
enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    private let wrappedValue: Value
    private let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var wrappedValue: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("Event: \(event.rawValue), Value: \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int
}

let myStruct = MyStruct(myProperty: 10)
myStruct.myProperty = 20
```

enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var wrappedValue: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("Event: \(event.rawValue), Value: \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int = 0
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that logs access and modification of the wrapped property.

Answer:
```swift
enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var wrappedValue: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("Event: \(event.rawValue), Value: \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int = 0
}

let myStruct = MyStruct()
myStruct.myProperty = 10
```

enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var wrappedValue: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("(event.rawValue): \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that logs access and modification of the wrapped property.

Answer:
```swift
enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var wrappedValue: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("(event.rawValue): \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int
}

var myStruct = MyStruct()
myStruct.myProperty = 10
myStruct.myProperty = 20
```

enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("(event) \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that logs access and modification of the wrapped property.

Answer:
```swift
enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("(event) \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int
}

var myStruct = MyStruct()
myStruct.myProperty = 10
```

enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("\(event.rawValue): \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Property wrapper that logs access and modification of the wrapped property.

Answer:
```swift
enum Event {
    case get, set
}

protocol LoggedProtocol {
    associatedtype Value
    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void)
}

@propertyWrapper
struct Logged<Value> {
    let wrappedValue: Value
    let logger: (Event, Value) -> Void

    init(wrappedValue: Value, logger: @escaping (Event, Value) -> Void) {
        self.wrappedValue = wrappedValue
        self.logger = logger
    }

    var projectedValue: Value {
        get {
            logger(.get, wrappedValue)
            return wrappedValue
        }
        set {
            logger(.set, newValue)
            wrappedValue = newValue
        }
    }
}

struct MyStruct {
    @Logged(logger: { event, value in
        print("\(event.rawValue): \(value)")
    })
    var myProperty: Int
}

let myStruct = MyStruct(myProperty: 10)
myStruct.myProperty = 20
```

protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider
    
    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }
    
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case.keyboardCharacterSelect(let character):
            return handleKeyboardCharacterSelect(character)
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            return handleKeyboardDeleteBackwards()
        case.searchButtonPress:
            return handleSearchButtonPress()
        }
    }
    
    private func handleKeyboardCharacterSelect(_ character: Character) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle keyboard character selection
    }
    
    private func handleKeyboardDeleteBackwards() -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle keyboard delete backwards
    }
    
    private func handleSearchButtonPress() -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle search button press
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Weather application provider.
Handle user actions to fill search bar results and use WeatherProvider to check forecast.

Answer:
```swift
protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider
    
    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }
    
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case.keyboardCharacterSelect(let character):
            return handleKeyboardCharacterSelect(character)
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            return handleKeyboardDeleteBackwards()
        case.searchButtonPress:
            return handleSearchButtonPress()
        }
    }
    
    private func handleKeyboardCharacterSelect(_ character: Character) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle keyboard character selection
    }
    
    private func handleKeyboardDeleteBackwards() -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle keyboard delete backwards
    }
    
    private func handleSearchButtonPress() -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle search button press
    }
}
```

protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider
    
    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }
    
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case.keyboardCharacterSelect(let character):
            // handle keyboard character selection
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            // handle keyboard delete backwards
        case.searchButtonPress:
            // handle search button press
        }
    }
    
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String {
        return try provider.forecast(for: city)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Weather application provider.
Handle user actions to fill search bar results and use WeatherProvider to check forecast.

Answer:
```swift
protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider
    
    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }
    
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case.keyboardCharacterSelect(let character):
            // handle keyboard character selection
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            // handle keyboard delete backwards
        case.searchButtonPress:
            // handle search button press
        }
    }
    
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String {
        return try provider.forecast(for: city)
    }
}
```

protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider
    
    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }
    
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case.keyboardCharacterSelect(let character):
            return nil
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            return nil
        case.searchButtonPress:
            return try? ApplicationFeedback.success(city: "London", forecast: "Sunny")
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Weather application provider.
Handle user actions to fill search bar results and use WeatherProvider to check forecast.

Answer:
```swift
protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider
    
    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }
    
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case.keyboardCharacterSelect(let character):
            return nil
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            return nil
        case.searchButtonPress:
            return try? ApplicationFeedback.success(city: "London", forecast: "Sunny")
        }
    }
}
```

protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider
    
    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }
    
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case.keyboardCharacterSelect(let character):
            // handle keyboard character select
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            // handle keyboard delete backwards
        case.searchButtonPress:
            // handle search button press
        }
    }
    
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String {
        return try provider.forecast(for: city)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Weather application provider.
Handle user actions to fill search bar results and use WeatherProvider to check forecast.

Answer:
```swift
protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider
    
    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }
    
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case.keyboardCharacterSelect(let character):
            // handle keyboard character select
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            // handle keyboard delete backwards
        case.searchButtonPress:
            // handle search button press
        }
    }
    
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String {
        return try provider.forecast(for: city)
    }
}
```

protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider

    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }

    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case.keyboardCharacterSelect(let character):
            return handleKeyboardCharacterSelect(character)
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            return handleKeyboardDeleteBackwards()
        case.searchButtonPress:
            return handleSearchButtonPress()
        }
    }

    private func handleKeyboardCharacterSelect(_ character: Character) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle keyboard character select
    }

    private func handleKeyboardDeleteBackwards() -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle keyboard delete backwards
    }

    private func handleSearchButtonPress() -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle search button press
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Weather application provider.
Handle user actions to fill search bar results and use WeatherProvider to check forecast.

Answer:
```swift
protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider

    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }

    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case.keyboardCharacterSelect(let character):
            return handleKeyboardCharacterSelect(character)
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            return handleKeyboardDeleteBackwards()
        case.searchButtonPress:
            return handleSearchButtonPress()
        }
    }

    private func handleKeyboardCharacterSelect(_ character: Character) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle keyboard character select
    }

    private func handleKeyboardDeleteBackwards() -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle keyboard delete backwards
    }

    private func handleSearchButtonPress() -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle search button press
    }
}
```

protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider

    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }

    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case let.keyboardCharacterSelect(character):
            return nil
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            return nil
        case.searchButtonPress:
            let city = "London"
            do {
                let forecast = try provider.forecast(for: city)
                return.success(city: city, forecast: forecast)
            } catch {
                return.failure(city: city)
            }
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Weather application provider.
Handle user actions to fill search bar results and use WeatherProvider to check forecast.

Answer:
```swift
protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider

    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }

    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case let.keyboardCharacterSelect(character):
            return nil
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            return nil
        case.searchButtonPress:
            let city = "London"
            do {
                let forecast = try provider.forecast(for: city)
                return.success(city: city, forecast: forecast)
            } catch {
                return.failure(city: city)
            }
        }
    }
}
```

protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider
    
    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }
    
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case let.keyboardCharacterSelect(character):
            return try? ApplicationFeedback.success(city: "London", forecast: "Sunny")
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            return ApplicationFeedback.success(city: "London", forecast: "Sunny")
        case.searchButtonPress:
            return try? ApplicationFeedback.success(city: "London", forecast: "Sunny")
        }
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Weather application provider.
Handle user actions to fill search bar results and use WeatherProvider to check forecast.

Answer:
```swift
protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider
    
    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }
    
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case let.keyboardCharacterSelect(character):
            return try? ApplicationFeedback.success(city: "London", forecast: "Sunny")
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            return ApplicationFeedback.success(city: "London", forecast: "Sunny")
        case.searchButtonPress:
            return try? ApplicationFeedback.success(city: "London", forecast: "Sunny")
        }
    }
}
```

protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider

    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }

    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case let.keyboardCharacterSelect(character):
            return handleKeyboardCharacterSelect(character)
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            return handleKeyboardDeleteBackwards()
        case.searchButtonPress:
            return handleSearchButtonPress()
        }
    }

    private func handleKeyboardCharacterSelect(_ character: Character) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle keyboard character selection
    }

    private func handleKeyboardDeleteBackwards() -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle keyboard delete backwards
    }

    private func handleSearchButtonPress() -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle search button press
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Weather application provider.
Handle user actions to fill search bar results and use WeatherProvider to check forecast.

Answer:
```swift
protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider

    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }

    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case let.keyboardCharacterSelect(character):
            return handleKeyboardCharacterSelect(character)
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            return handleKeyboardDeleteBackwards()
        case.searchButtonPress:
            return handleSearchButtonPress()
        }
    }

    private func handleKeyboardCharacterSelect(_ character: Character) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle keyboard character selection
    }

    private func handleKeyboardDeleteBackwards() -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle keyboard delete backwards
    }

    private func handleSearchButtonPress() -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        // Handle search button press
    }
}
```

protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider
    
    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }
    
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case.keyboardCharacterSelect(let character):
            // Handle keyboard character selection
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            // Handle keyboard delete backwards
        case.searchButtonPress:
            // Handle search button press
        }
    }
    
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String {
        return try provider.forecast(for: city)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Weather application provider.
Handle user actions to fill search bar results and use WeatherProvider to check forecast.

Answer:
```swift
protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider
    
    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }
    
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case.keyboardCharacterSelect(let character):
            // Handle keyboard character selection
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            // Handle keyboard delete backwards
        case.searchButtonPress:
            // Handle search button press
        }
    }
    
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String {
        return try provider.forecast(for: city)
    }
}
```

protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider
    
    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }
    
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case.keyboardCharacterSelect(let character):
            // handle keyboard character selection
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            // handle keyboard delete backwards
        case.searchButtonPress:
            // handle search button press
        }
    }
    
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String {
        return try provider.forecast(for: city)
    }
}

Question:
Write code in Swift programming language. Don't include usage examples or tests.
Weather application provider.
Handle user actions to fill search bar results and use WeatherProvider to check forecast.

Answer:
```swift
protocol WeatherProvider {
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String
}

enum UserAction {
    case keyboardCharacterSelect(Character)
    case keyboardDeleteBackwards
    case searchButtonPress
}

enum ApplicationFeedback: Equatable {
    case success(city: String, forecast: String)
    case failure(city: String)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationDependencies {
    init(provider: WeatherProvider)
}

protocol WeatherApplicationInteractions {
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback?
}

typealias WeatherApplicationProtocol = WeatherApplicationDependencies & WeatherApplicationInteractions

class WeatherApplication: WeatherApplicationProtocol {
    private let provider: WeatherProvider
    
    init(provider: WeatherProvider) {
        self.provider = provider
    }
    
    func handle(action: UserAction) -> ApplicationFeedback? {
        switch action {
        case.keyboardCharacterSelect(let character):
            // handle keyboard character selection
        case.keyboardDeleteBackwards:
            // handle keyboard delete backwards
        case.searchButtonPress:
            // handle search button press
        }
    }
    
    func forecast(for city: String) throws -> String {
        return try provider.forecast(for: city)
    }
}
```